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Show Parts of Plants mixed 240 “LeIE then kind of hiffing and fometimes a crackling noife. 4. Ejfervefcences only and properly fo called, whenthey produce fome degree of heat. 5. Exhalation ; when not onlyfumes, but vifible fteams are produced. 5, ¢. Ofall thefe, fometime one only bappens, fometimes two or more are concomitant. Sometimes theLucfation begins prefently upon mixture, and fometimesnot till after fome intermiffion. In fome bodies, it continues a great while; in others, is almoft inftantaneous: Examples of all which I fhall now produce 5 beginning with Vegetables, s affording the leaft variety. - - 6. ae firft, if we take Spirit or Osl ofSalt, Oyl of Vitriol, Spirit of Nitre, or Aquafortis, and pour themfeverally upon the feveral parts of Vegetables, as Roots, Woods, Stones, re. we (hall find, that they are, generally far lefs apt to make a Ludbation, than either Animal, or Jubterra- zeal Bodies. Whence, as from one argument, it feemeth evident, That in moft Vegetables, and in mott oftheir parts, the predominant Salt is an Acid. But that, on the contrary, the predominant Salt in moft Minerals, and parts of Animals, is an Alkaly : in the former, ufually wer a fixed, inthe latter, a volatile Alkaly. “9. §. Again, although the Ludtation which moft Vegetables, and moft oftheir parts make with Acids, be but Suall, yet fome they make 3 efpect- ally with fome Acids, as with Spirit of Nitre and Aqua fortis. Whence it feemethplain, That there is an Alkaline Salt exiftent in many Vegetables, even in their vatural effate 5 and that it is not made Alkaline, but only Lixivial, by the fire. Or, there is fome quantity of a Sult, call at what we will, in the faid Bodies, which is fo fardifferent from an A- cid, as to makea Lyéfation therewith. But to give particular inftances of the feveral proportions, or manner of Mixture, wherein it ap; pears to be in feveral Plants. 10. §. Audfirft, ofall vegetable Bodies, Date-ftones are amongft the leaft apt to make a Luifation with Acidsif they may be faid to make any at all, Hence theyare not fo potent Nephriticks, as many other Stones, which make amore fenfible Luation. 11. §. Ginger makes a fiall Bullition with Aqua fortis, only obfervable by a Glafs. Hence the pungency of Ginger lyeth in a falphureous and volatile Salt, which yet is verylittle Alkalizate. 12. §. Scurvygrafs-feeds make a very fiall Bullition with Aqua fortis, Like that ofGinger. So doth alfo the Seedof Purflane. Hence, altheugh there is much more of a certain kind of volatile Salt in Ginger or Scurvygrafs, than in Purflane ; yet there is little more of an Alkaly in anyone, than in an other. 13. §. The Pulp ofColocynthis, Fruit-Stones, the flony Covers. of the Seeds of Elder, of white Bryony, of Violets, and others, with Aqua fortis make a Bullition juft percervable without a Glas. Hence it appears, That the great Cathartich power of Colocynthis \ieth not fo much inan Alkaly, asan Acid; as making a much lefs Bullitiow, than fome other vegetable Bodies, which are lef§ Cathartick, For which reafon likewife it is, That the beft Correétors, or Refractors of the force of Colocyathis, are fome kinds of Alkalies, as particularly that of Orine, as Riverins hath fomewhere obferved. 14. §. The Root of Pyrethrum, with Aqua fortis, makes a Bullition and huff; in a short time. Hence, the Caufe of a durable Heat, upon the Tongue, isan Alkalizate Sulphur, For the Heat of Ginger, though greater 5 Lea. II. with feveral Menstruums. greater 5 yet abideth wothing near fo long asthat of Pyrethrum; which, asis faid, maketh alfo a more fenfible Bulition with Acids. 15. §. Kermes-berries, commonly, but ignorantly, fo called, with the faid Liquor, buff up to an equal height, but in a fomewhat longer time. Hence they are gently aftringent 5 cil. as their Alkaly binds in with fome preternatural Acid in the {tomach, 16. §. Hawthorn-ftones, with Aqua fortis, huffup equally with the former Body; but the Bullition is wot fo vifible. The like is alfo obferva- ble of Medlar-ftones. Hence, as they contain a middle quantity of an Alkaly, they are not infignificantly ufed againft the Stone. 17. §. Seeds of staphifagria, with Aqua fortis, make a Bullitionfill more vifible. But it quickly ends. ‘This confirms what wasfaid before, Je» That,the caufe of a durable Heat is an Alkaline sulphurs thefe Seeds producing a durable Heat, asdoth the Root of Pyrethrum. 18. §. The Seeds alfo of red Rofés, Borage, and Comfrey do all with Aqua fortis make a confiderable Bullition and huff; and that very quickly. So that amongft all Shells and Stones, thofe generally make the greateft uleeens which are the hardeft and the brittleft, and fo the fulleft of alt. 19. §. Enxphorbium makes a Bullition yet more confiderable, with much froth, and very quickly. From which Experiment,compared with two of the former, it appears, That Exphorbzum is not an Acid, but an Al haline Gum. As alfo, that the caufe of its fo very durable Heat, is an alkaline Sulphur, as of Pyrethrum and Staphifagria hath been faid. It feems alfo hence evident, that the power ofall great Sternntatories lyeth not in their Acid, but their Alkales. 20. §. The Arenule or little fionesin Pears, clufter’d round about the Coar, with Aqua fortis, prefently huff up, and make a great Bullition and Effervefcence,wmuchgreater than doany ofthe Bodies above-named, Whence, although, fo far asI know, they have never yet been ufed in Medicine 4 yet it is probable, that they are a more potent andeffetual Nephritick , than any of the Bodies aforfaid, {ome of which are ufually prefcribed. Tt is hence alfo manifeft, That, according to what I haveelfewerefaid, for the fweetning of the Fruit and Seed, the Tartareous and Alkaline Anat. of parts ofthe Sap, are precipitated into their Stones, ftony parts, and Plants, B. Shells. 1. Ch. 6, 2t. §. The laf? Infiance fhall be in the fhells of the Seeds of Milinm Solis; which not only with Aqua fortis, but fome other Acids, make a greater and quicker Bullition and Effervefcence, than any other vegetable Body, upon which I have yet made tryal, in its natural eftate. Hence, as well as from divers of the laft fore-going Inftances, we have a clear confirmation of what I have, towards the beginning of this Difcourfe, afferted 5 fc. That there is fome kind of Alkaline Salt in Plants, even in their watural eflate. As alfo, that they are as fignificantly ufed againft the Stone, quatenus alkalizate, as Millipedes, Egg-fhells, or any other teftaceows Bodies ofthe fame ftrength. Tothefel thall fubjoyn one or two Examples of Vegetable Bodies which are moreorlefs altered from their waturaleftate. 22. §. Neither Cryftals of Tartar, nor Tartar it felf (although they have fome ftore of alkaline mixed with their acid parts) make any Effervefcence with Acids, but only with Alkalites, as Spirit of Harts-Horn, ec. Hence the calculous fediment or Arenula in Orine,maynot fo properlybe called 6 the |