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Show 193 agricultural credit both in an individual form for the small landholders as well as in a collective form for the beneficiaries of communal lands. Eichenberger, Ralph W., "Una Filosofia de Salud Publica para las Tribus Indigenas Amazonicas," America Indigena, XXVI, No. 2 (April, 1966), pp. 119-141. English summary: This article reports on the work of one of the diagnostic clinics of the Summer Institute of Linguistics in Peru whose principal objective is to discover the starting point to increase the interest and aptitude of the tribal groups to face their health problems. This diagnostic clinic worked among the Campa Indians, inhabitants of the entire south-central area of the Peruvian jungle where they are found traditionally in small scattered settlements. Their traditional dispersement in single-family jungle clearings present difficult problems to health programs that, in recent years, has motivated the program of the Ministry of Education and the Summer Institute of Linguistics to cause the appearance of a new type of settlement of ten to 20 dwellings constructed around a bilingual school. The study was carried out in five of these latter settlements located along the Ene and Tambo rivers that run through the eastern branch of the southern Andes. The survey was made in each of the settlements in seven to ten days. The information from the interviews has been consigned to tables that classify the population of the five settlements by sex, age and marital status; the causes of death, by age groups, in children, according to information supplied by the mothers; causes of death by husbands, according to information supplied by the widows; state of dental health of Indians older than 12; the predominance of six common intestinal parasites in the Indians, by ages, and the tendency to tuberclin reaction by ages in four schools. Once the beliefs of the Campas with regard to sickness and death are analyzed, the tables are prepared and a tentative diagnosis is established, the author plans the general outlines of the programs of action to be followed on the basis of the preventable nature of the predominating diseases and of the interest manifested by the Indians in health problems, a situation to be encouraged and directed, adapting and increasing their aptitudes without disturbing the overall form of their cultural life. The desired objective is, then, a progressive program in the measure they can endure educationally, spiritually, economically and culturally. To achieve this objective most fully, medical services during the clinic and health education there are the immediate necessities; for long-range action, it is necessary to provide sanitation assistants and health education supplied principally by bilingual |
