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Show 128 that, by means of bonuses or periodic salary increases, they should encourage enthusiastic and competent rural teachers to remain in their schools for periods of at least six years; 3) That while the shortage and maldistribution of duly qualified doctors in rural areas still exists, it is necessary, for the sake of the nation's health, to encourage the training of the native practitioners in elementary medical practice and in the use of some simple medicines. For this reason the writer recommends cooperation in the project which the Inter-American Indian Institute, in conjunction with the National Institutes of the U.S.A., Ecuador and Nicaragua, is now undertaking. And he suggests that this project should be extended to include certain rural areas of Mexico, in cooperation with the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Indian Affairs and the Department of Public Health and Welfare. 1950 Esquivel Casas, Aureliano (Mexico), "El Problema del Indio," America Indigena, X No. 1 (January, 1950), Mexico, D.F., pp. 63-80. English Summary: The thesis developed in the present article consists of the following points: 1) The State must take charge of the educational and cultural work carried out in the Indian communities, and may take advantage of that work springing from private initiative. 2) The educational and cultural work in the Indian communities is based on two points of action: a) General cultural work in order to awaken the mind of the Indian; for this, the most advanced means must be utilized: television, motion pictures, radio, press, electrical recordings, wall propaganda, etc. b) A program of specific action, in accordance with the particular conditions of each Indian community. 3) The personnel mobilized for this work ought to be composed of bilingual persons, especially the teacher or teachers of the Indian schools. 4) The use of bilingual primers should be prohibited, and the teaching problems attacked without evasions or loss of time. 5) There ought to be an agreement between the American governments in order to hold annual Indian Congresses in which the Ministers of Education take part. The Congresses would have as a principal mission the duty of informing on what is still to be done for the Indian peoples and the methods that are being put into practice in order to solve the problems of technique and of culture in said peoples. Fuente, J. de la (Mexico), "Notas Sobre el Articulo 'El Problema del Indio,'" America Indigena, X No. 2 (April, 1950), Mexico, D.F., pp. 119-128. English Summary: The author of this article, disagrees with several assertations and proposals made by Prof. Aureliano Esquivel Casas in "El Problema del Indio" (America Indigena. Vol. X |