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Show 56 based primarily on language and secondarily on ancestry and dress, bears a loose approximation to the usual mestizo-Indian dichotomy. However, in the case of San Juan Atzingo the criteria for maintaining a two-class system has become increasingly tenuous. The viability of this bipartite classification suggests that the system may receive significant reinforcement at a latent psychological level. The terminology itself provides a clue: "suckling pigs" and "People of reason" may be equated with the psychoanalytic concepts of primary and secondary process respectively, these in turn corresponding in a general way with the properties of id and ego. On the one hand the aim is impulse expression and gratification while the mode is insistent and archaic; on the other, the concern is with regulation and control mediated by the dominance of the rational and the adaptive. These metapsychological principles are at one and the same time antithetical and complimentary, thereby providing both a prototype and a rationale for the perpetuation of the two stereo-types in a culturally homogeneous milieu. Safa, Helen Icken. "Asimilacion vs. pluralismo: dos modelos para la integracion de los grupos etnicos en las americas," Anuario Indigenista, XXIX, (December, 1969), pp. 163-171. English Summary: This paper will contrast two models for the assimilation of ethnic groups in the Americas: assimilation and pluralism. Assimilation assumes the acculturation of all subcultural groups to a basic institutional and value system, and the gradual elimination of cultural differences among these groups. Pluralism, on the other hand, is based on the maintenance of subcultural differences and ethnic identities, with each group stressing a greater degree of social solidarity among its members than with the larger society. It will be shown that the argument over which model is more valid and viable depends on the historical background and ethnic composition of the particular society. Thus, the assimilationist model would apply to relatively homogeneous societies, where differences are based primarily on socio-economic status and class positions. The pluralist model would apply to heterogeneous societies with marked ethnic and racial differences, where status is based on ascribed as well as achieved characteristics. Differences between these two types of societies will be illustrated by reference to the integration of the urban poor in Puerto Rican society, based on an assimilation model, and the current Black Power movement among American Negroes, based on a pluralist model. |
