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Show 139 2) In addition, the national culture of the American countries will be enriched, by investigating even more deeply that which is their most ancient heritage: the Indian cultures; 3) Finally, from the viewpoint of social anthropology, knowledge of these pre- Hispanic intellectual culture creations, is indispensable as a fundamental basis to make closer contact with the present Indian mentality. This proposal, upon being approved by the Congress, resulted in Resolution XXVI, which embodied special recommendations for achieving a greater diffusion and knowledge of this pre-Hispanic intellectual patrimony. 1965 Aguirre Beltran, Gonzalo. "Educacion Intercultural," America Indigena, XXV (April, 1965), pp. 155-177- English Summary: Every human society has the urgent need to start a process of transmission of its culture, which receives the name of education, whereby it is pretended to keep the traditionally established and, at the same time, through a game of forces, its renewal. This action may be carried out by way of the mechanism called rearing or socialization, through which the young individual acquires the elemental knowledge which will allow him to further integrate himself to adult social life, a mechanism sufficient in the communities of scarce division of labor and low specialization. Nevertheless, when the societies turn complex, it is necessary to complement the informal education with the institutionalized, which becomes so important that the concepts of education and scholarship are almost confounded. So, when it is pretended to bring formal or institutionalized education into the areas of Indian refuges, it is necessary to take into consideration that it involves imposition of a cultural innovation, it is necessary to consider the previous process of socialization that the future students have gone through, that a sudden change between the two types of education must be avoided, and that in the intercultural situation, socialization is the process of integration of the Indian community into the national society, and scholarship the difficult process of cultural renewal. In the intercultural situation characteristic of areas of Indian refuge, there have been up to the present, three activities that orient the educational function: conversion, which is characterized by the belief of the educator that he possesses all truth, only formula to elevate any individual in all material and spiritual aspects; domination, in which the group, stronger economically and culturally, imposes on the subordinated population, denying any value to the |