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Show APPENDIX TO PART Il l. grows old. Its wood is of a spongy nature, nnd from evc·ry information I could procure, is of the same species as that of the same name in the southern states. One hundred miles to the cast of the Rio Grande, oak timbct' commenced, being the first we had seen in the provinces; but it wus very small and scrubby, and prcstlltcd, from this to the line of Texas ( the river l\lariana), a rcry pct·ccpti· l>lc gradation of the increase of timbc1·, hoth in (}ll :llltity, lu xuriance, and variety. The country now became very simi lar to the I ndiana tenitory. .Jluimals. · Deer, wild horses, a few bufTalo and wild ho~s. P ojmlation and C'!Jh:f 'l'o?uns.-Montclovez is the capital of Cog-quilla. ft is situated on a small st ream of water in 26° 30' N. latitude and 103° SO' \V . longitude. It is abont one mile in length, on a course N. 70° E. by the main street. 1t has two public squares, seven churches, a powder magazi ne, mills, king's hospital, and quar• t el del tropa. This is the })l'incipal military depot for the p1·ovinces of Cogquilla and Texas. l 1s population may be estimated at 3.500 aouls. This city being· the stntecl residence of his excellency go· 'fernor Cordero, he has ornamented it with public walks, colunms, ancl fountains, and made it one of the hand~omcst cities in the internal provinces. Santa Hosa is about 38 miles to the north-west of Montclorcz, is represented to he the most healthy situation in the prO\incc, and to have the best water and fruit. It .is on the head waters or the river Millada. Its population is represented at 4,000 souls. Paras is situated on a small stream ; with its suburbs it is supposed to contain 7000 souls, and San Lorenzo, three miles to the north, five hundred souls. This place may be termed the vineyard of Cog· quilla, the whole population pursuing no other occupation than the cultivation of the grape. Its name denotes the B rauclics of the Vine. At the Hacienda of San Lorenzo, where we halted, there were fifteen larger stills, large cellars, and a greater numbel' of casks than I ever saw in any brewery of the United States. Its gnr· dens were delightfully interspersed with figs, vines, apricots, and a variety of fruits which are pl'Oduced in the tonic! zone; fine sum· mer-houses, where were wine, refreshments, and couches to repose on and where the siRging of the birds was delightfu l. There were, likewise, mills and a fine water-fall. The )Jl'csidio of Rio Gi·ande is situated on that river, and is remarkable for nothing but three or four handsome missions with which it is sur· rounded, a powder magazine, quarters for the troops, :mel a few iron field-pieces on miserable truck carriages. Population 2,500 souls. APPENDIX. TO PAHT Ill. 29 The population of this pt·ovince may he estimated at 70,000 souls, not more th an I 0,000 of whom arc Spani.mls. Trade, Commerct', and Jlla111~j(,ctun•N.-Thi<, p1·o, inrl' rece ive~ all its merchandic;e from Mexico by Janel, and in ret ul'n gives horses, mules, vine!;, gold, and !:>il\'er. There is an annual t:1i1· held at S:.lltc lo, in New L eon, whct·c t hCI'C is an immense qtl.tlttity of merchandi::~ e di&pO!>ed Of, au(] \\ here merchants of very Jcu·g·c C.:<tpitaJ~ rcsidl'. .1/gricultttrf.-Thcy culti' ale the Yine princip:llly with !{rain and corn stdficient for tiH;ir own cott5umpliun, and to Sll[>J'ly the greatest pun of Texas . Aborigine.Y.- The Appache5 co,·ct· theit· nol·th-wc;:;t frontier The Lee Paw11ccs arc a nation who rorc from the Hio Gr.mdc to some distance into the lH.oYincc of Texa~. Tl1cir former rc!:>iclcncc wa~ on the Hio Grande, t1car the sea shore. They arc at p resent dividccl into three bands, ul" 300, 350 and 100 nH:n cac.:h . They arc at war with the Tctau-; alld A ppaciH.:s, and <~l peace with the Spani: m!s. They have fuir k1 ir, and arc generally hand:.wmc, at'lllCd witb bows, at't'Ows, and lances. They pursue the \vild hor!>cs, of which they tukc num bers, unci sell tlt <.;tn to the ~paniurd s. Oovcnmu:nt and L a7us.-I\l ilit.1l'y <Hlcl ccclc!:>iJ.si.ical powc·r io; all that is known or acknowledged in this province; but its admi nistratillll was mild under thci1· exccllcllt g-ovcrnot· Cordero. The· govcl'llor's civil salary is 4000 dollars per annum. ll-forals and J11mmer8.-lt was evident, to the least disccmin~ eye, thut as we diverged from these parts which produced such vast quanti ties of the precious metals, the inhabitants becan1e more indust, ·ious and th ere wct·c fewer bcg·gat·s. Thus the mornls of the people of Cogquilla were less cot'rupt than those of Hi~cay o1· New Leon, their· neig-hbors. Military .Forcc.-Therc a1·e 'l-OU clragoons maintained in thi~ province, and stutiouccl at Montclove7., San Rosa, Pres. Hio del .None, San Fernandez. R c!igio7t.-Catholic, but mild. It is in the diocese of Durango. Hi"story.-Cogquilla had not pushed its population as far as the Rio Grande in the year I GS7, as at that time La Salle cstablishccl himself at the e ntrance of that ri vcr, it bcitH)"o n '" i ldcrucss · but ~ , ~ontclovcz was cstabli~hed some time before thig Cl'J. Of ils par-llculal' history 1 have no knowledge. G'cogmjllt!J.-'Thc province of TExAs lies between ~27° :w' and 35o N.Iatitude and 98° and 101-0 \V. longitude, bordered north by Louisiana} east by the tCt'l'itory of Orlcnns, west by Cogquilla and New 1\Je~ico, nnd south In· N r " Snn Anrlcr. f t!> g rf'at cc.;t lcn~th |
