| OCR Text |
Show APPENDIX TO PART III. sels of a superior quality. It receives in r eturn, from Biscay and 1\1exico, dry guocls, cunfectionary, arms, iron, steel, ammunition, <And some choice European wines and liquors, and from Senora :1nd Sinaloa, gold, sil vcr, and cheese. The following articles sell as stated (in this province), which will shew the cheapness of provisions ~nd the cxtrernc dearness of imported goods : Flour sells, per hundred at Salt, per mule-load, S heep, each, Beeves, each, \\'inc del Passo, per barrel, 1 J or~es, each, Mules, each, Snp<'rfine cloths, per yanl, Fine do. do. 2 dollat·s 5 1 5 15 11 30 25 Linen, per ynrd, 4 ~llld al l oth er dry goods in proportion. The journey with loatkd tll trlcs from Santa Fe to Mexico, and rctnrnil ll~ to Santa Fe, tukci> fi ve months. '1 hey manufacture rough Jcathet·, :;cg-a t·s, a va st variety and quantity of potters' ware, cotton, ~ome coarse "uolcn cloths, and blankets of a supe rior quality. All those manut'actmcs arc carried on by the civilized Indians, as the !':ipanianls think it more honorable to be ag-riculturalists than me· ck1nics. The Indians likewise fat· exceed their conquerors in their genius for, ancl cxecuti ()n of, all mechanical opcratious. New Mexico has the exclu sive ri g-ht or culti\'ating· tobacco. About two miles above the town of the Passo del Norte is a bridge ovet· the river, where the road passes to the west side, at which ]>lace is a large canal, which takes out an ample supply of water for the purpose of cultivation, which is here carried on in as great per· fcc lion as at any place that I ,·isite<l in the provinces. There is a wall bordering the canal the whole way on both sides, to protect it fro~n the animals; and when it arrives at the village, it is distributed Ill such a mannet· that oach person has his fields watered in rotation. At thi~ place were as fin ely cultivated ftclcls of wheat and other smull ~ rain as I ever saw. N umcrous vineyards, from which were prod uced the llnest wine ever dnnk in the country, which was cclc· hrated through all the provinces, and was the only wine used on the table of the commanding general. .tlgr.cuLturc.-They cultivate corn, wheat, rye, barley, rice, to· hacco, vines, ancl all the common culinary plants c ultivated in the ~amc latitude .in the United States. They arc, however, a century AI?I'.F.NDIX TO l>ART III. behind us in the art of c ultivation; for, notwithstanding their nume. :ous herds of cattle ~nd horses, I have seen them frequently brcakmg up whole fields with the hoc. 'I'heit· oxen draw by the horns after t.he French mode. Their carts a1·c extremely awkward unci clu~sliy made. During the whole of the time we were in New SJ~am I never saw. a horse in a vehicle of uny description, mules bemg made usc of m caniagcs as well as fo1• the purposes of lubout·. . An.tiquitivs.-On the river St. Franci~, a large ht·anch of the J ~vet· Gila, ~vhich. heads ncar the coppe t· mines in New Mexico and discharges Itself lllto the Hcd ri ve r of Califomiu, arc the remains of old walls. and houses which arc ascertained to have been th ...: work of the. Mcxtcans on thcit' route emig·mting ft·om the north-west to the plams of Mexico, where they finally establ ished thrmselvcs. T •ose ~ralls are of a black cement, the durability of which increases with Hs age, .s~ th~t jt has hithcno bid cl<'fiancc to the wat· of time. Its composition IS now entirely lost. There is tdso found at this place many bt·okcn pieces of earthen ware, which still possess the glazin g- as perfc.ct as when li1·st put on. .lib . . 'I, onguus.- he Kyaways wander on the sou t·ccs of the La Platte and nrc ~upposcd to he 1000 men strong-. They po'>o;ess imlncnse hct'cl~ of horses and arc at wat· with both Pawnees aud l'etaus H') welJ US s· '1'J · ' • ' IOU X. ley arc at·med wtth bows, aiT0\1 s and lances, and hunt the buiTalo. This nation with the T eta\ls ;md Utahs all ~>p.eak the same lang·uage. The Utahs wandc1· at the sources of the ~{10 del Norte, arc !::.upposed to be 2000 warriors strong·, arc armed ~~: the same m:.lmrcr, and pursue tlrc same g-mne us the Kyaw<lys. 1 her arc,. however·, a little more cirilized, from having more connectlon wnh the Spaniurds, with wlrom they arc frequently at war, but were then at peace, and waging war with the Tcta11s. A battle was fought bctwccrr them and the Tetaus in September 1 S06, ncar the village of To11s: there were nbout -:~.oo combatants 1 11 each side, but they we1·c scp~11·atcd by a Spanish alcadc 1·idin~ out ~;~ the field of batt le. There were eight or ten killed on each -~ide. . he Utalrs gave all the horses taken to the Sp<~ni ards. This shews m. a stt·o ng (1 c g-rcc, t 1r r m· l 1u cncc the Spaniards have o1·et· those I n-dtans. The Narrahaws arc situated to the north-west or Sa11tn Fe ar·c fr·ecJuentl · t .. · · 1 1 s · ' ) a '' ~~ Wit • t l C , pam ~,t·ds, and arc supposed to be 2000 waniors ·t · )' 'I'J · !:i ' on g. 1 'Y nrc <.rn ned 111 the sante manner as the l w, o PI'CC· ' 1'1 ng- n:lll. ons. .1. '1 u.s tt att.o n, as well as all othe rs to the west ~;I thern bot··' .· ,, 1· r · · . ~o~er 11l!J 0 11 va ltOrtua, speak the lang uage of the Appa-chrs :tnd I ' c l)"·• il.l s· : \\ ·I1 0 arc J·r J a 1t· nc w·l lh t 1l CI11 to the Atlnmic. 17 |
