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Show 238 DECISION. CHAP. IX ceases for a time to breathe; but he acts thus in order that the movements of his chest may not disturb tho e of his arms. A person, for instance, whilst threading a needle, may be seen to compress his lips and either to stop breathing, or to breathe as quietly as possible. So it was, as forn1erly stated, with a young and sick chiinpanzee, whilst it amused itself by killing flies with its knuckles, as they buzzed about on the window-panes. To perform an action, however trifling, if difficult, implies son1e amount of previous determination. There appears nothing improbable in all the above assigned causes having come into play in different degrees, either conjointly or separately, on various occasions. The result would be a well-established habit, now perhaps inherited, of firmly closing the mouth at the commencement of and during any violent and prolonged exertion, or any delicate operation. Through the principle of association there would also be a strong tendency towards this same habit, as soon as the 1nind bad resolved on any particular action or line of con· duct, even before there was any bodily exertion, or if none were requisite. The habitual and firm closnrr. of the mouth would thus come to show decision of chat·acter; and decision readily passes into obstinaey. C JTAP. X. ANGER. 239 CHAPTER X. HATRED AND ANGER. 1T n.t.rcd- Rage, e11 cts of on tho system - U nco veri ng of the tccLh - Ha.~e in tho insane- Anger and indignation- As oxpr ssrcl hy tho various races of man- Sneering and defiance- 'l_lhc uncovering of the canine tooth on one side of tho face. IF we have suffered or expect to suffer some wilful injury from a man, or if he is in any way offensive to us, we dislike him; and dislike easHy rises into hatred. Such~ elings, if experienced in a mod rate degree, ar not clearly expressed by any movement of the body or feature , excepting perhaps by a certain gravity of behaviour, or by some ill-temper. Few individual., how ver, can long reflect about a hated person, without f Jing and exhibiting signs of indignation or rag . But if the offending per .. on be quite in ignificant, wo cxpcri nee merely disdain or contempt. If, on tho ther hand, he is all-powerful, then hatred pa s . int t rror, as when a slave thinks about a cru l rna ter, or a savage about a bloodthirsty malignant d ity.1 1\'[ . t of our emotions are so closely connected with their xpr s ion, that they hardly exi t if the body r main. pa ·sive-tho nature of the expression depending in ehi f I)art on the nature of the actions which have be n habitually performed under this particular stat of the 1nind. A man, for in tunc ., may know that hi.· Ji f() iR in the xtrem st peril, and may strongly do. ir to 1 S c . omo r mn.rks to this ffcct by 1\Ir. Duin, 'The Emotions nntl ihc WiJI,' 2ncl cuit. 1 )05, p. 127. |