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Show 128 SPECIAL EXPTIESSIONS: CITAT'. v. friends, whilst dogs always do so, I cannot say. Cats cleanse themselves by licking their own coats n1o1:c reO'ularlv than do doO's. On the other hand, the1r u .. b 1 tongues semn less well fitted for the work than t 1e longer and more flexible tongues of dogs. . Cats, when ten·ified, stand at full he1ght, and Fig. 15. Cat terrified at a dog. From life, by Mr. Wood. areh tlH.~ir Laekt; in a well-kuown and ridiculous fat;hiou. rrhey ~pit, List;, or growl. rrhe hair over the , CnAr. Y. HORSES. 129 whole Lody, nnd specially on the tail, L •om 8 creut. ln the in8tance8 observed by me the basal part of the tail was held upright, the terminal part being thrown on one side; but 8ometimes the tail (see fig. 15) i8 only a little raised, and is bent almost from the base to one ~ide. The ears are drawn back, and the teeth exposed. vVhen two kittens are playing together, the one often thus tries to frighten the other. },rom what we nave seen in former chapters, all the above points of expr 8- sion are intelligible, except the extreme arching of the back. 1 am inclined to believe that, in the same manner as Inany Lircls, whHst they ruffie their feathers, spread out their wings and tail, to make themselves look as Lig as possible, so cats stand upright at their full height, areh their backs, often raise the basal part of the tail, and erect their hair, for the same purpose. The lynx, when attacked, is said to arch its back, and is thus figured by Brehm. But the keepers in the Zoological Gardens l1ave never seen any tendency to this action in the larger feline animals, such as tigers, lions, &c.; and these hare little cause to be afraid of auy other animaL Cats use their voices much as a means of expressiou, and thoy utter, under various emotions and desires, at least six or seven different sounds. The purr of satisfaetion, which is n1ade during both inspiration and expiration, is one of the most curious. ~fhe pun1a, cheetah, and ocelot likewise purr; but the tiger, when plea ·ed, " emits a peculiar short snuffle, accompanied by the " closure of the eyelids." 7 It is said that the lion, jaguar, and leopard, do not purr. Horses.-Horses when savage draw their ears clo ·ely ~ 'Land and Wuter,' 18G7, p. G5"/. Seo aJso Azaril. on the Pumr, in the work above quoted. K |