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Show 368 AVES. CHARADRtus, Lin.(l) The Plovers have no thumb; the beak is moderate, compressed, and enlarged at the point. . They may be divided into two subgenera; VlZ. CEmoNEMUS, Tem.(2) In which the end of the beak is inflated abo;e as well as beneath, an d t h e f ossc:e o f the nostrils only extend half 1ts length. They .a re larger spect· es w hich prefer dry and stony places, and feed on sn. ails,r m• sects, 0o1.- C. Th ey have some affinity with the. smaller speCieso Bustar d s. Th e1· r r1'e et are reticulated ' and there 1s a short membrane between each of their three toes. . (Edic. crepitans, Tern.; Charadrius oodicnemus, L.; Courlt~ de t erre; E• n 1• 9 19 ,. Frisch, 215•' Naum. Ed. I, 9, f. 13. (T. heTh1ck· k nee. ) S• 1. ze o fa Woodcock·' a',f awn coloured grey, wtth a brown streak 011 the middle of each feather; white belly; a brown streak under the eye.(3) CHARADRrus, Cuv. The beak of the True Plovers is only inflated above, ~nd has tw~ thirds of its length occupied by the nasal fossc:e, whtch renderlt weaker. They live in large flocks, and frequent low gr.ounds,.where they strike the earth with their feet, in order to set m motlon the worms on which they feed. d . The species of France are only found there, in transitu, urmg . . h st some of them GRALLATORitE. 369 14;. Wils. VII, lix, 5. (~he Golden Plover.) Blackish; the edges of Its feathers dotted With yellow; white belly. It is the most common of all, and is ~ound throughout the whole globe. The north produc~s .one Which scarcely differs from it except in its black throat; lt Is the Oha~. a1Jricarius Edw. 140• N II r. • •• 1· , , aum. , • 15; Wlls. VII, lvu, 4. Some authors assert it is the young of the other. Char. morinellus; L.; Le Guignard, Enl. 832; Naum. 12, f. 16, 17. (The Dott:rel.) Grey or blackish; feathe1•s edged with fu]vous-grey; a white streak over the eye; breast and upper part of the belly of a bright red; lower part of the belly white. Char. hiaticula, L.; Pluvier a collier, Enl. 920; Frisch, 214; Brit. Zool. pl •. P; Wils. V, xxxvii, 2. (The Ring Plover.) Grer above; white beneath; a black collar round the lower part of the neck, very broad in front; the head variegated with black and white; bill, yellow and black. Three or four species or races are found in France differing in size, and in the distt·ibution of the colours on the head.( I) This same distribution, with hut little variation, is found in several species foreign to Eu-rope.( 2) • Many Plovers have scutellated legs; they form a small division, most of its species having spines to their wings, or fleshy wattles on the head; some of them have both these characters.(3) VANELLus, Bechst.-TRINGA, Lin.(4) The Lapwings have the same kind of beak as the Plovers, and are the autumn and m the sprmg: near t e sea coa , . 1\ rema.1n unt'tl the beginning of winter. Their flesh lS ex.ce entd, (1) Cli · .r 'b 'th reticulate t. mmor, Meyer, Enl. 921; Wils. VII, lix, 3; Naum. H, f. i9, or Clt. cu-and with various other species, they 10rm a tn e Wl ronicus, Lath., with an entirely black beak;-Cit. cantianus, Lath., or albifrona, legs, t 1l e mos t remar kable of which. are·. Naum. I, c. 10, r. Meyer, of which the Ch. mOmJ"p tius may possibly be the female. Its collar is inter· Char. pluvialis, L., Enl. 904; Fl'lsch, 216; rupted. (2) Char. voczfertts, En!. 286; Wils . VH, lix, 6;-Char. indicus, Lath. ;-Char. • J1 b Id 12.-butiwilh- .lb:arai, T., Col. 184;-Ciwr. melanops, Vieill., Gal. 235, or Cit. nigrifrona, Cuv. Syn II pl 1xxix·-the benghalensts, Edw. 250;-the ra 8 · ' ' ' · d 'b k• en' large d at the Col. 47, 1 ;-Char. T/flZlsonii, Wils. IX, lxiii, 5.. - Add, of closely allied species, draw the (Edicnemus, which, on account of tts compresse ea ' O a--L·mi... n1t h ough without collars: Cit. pewarius, T. Col. 183;-Cit. niVIfrons, Cuv.;-Char. dd Ot . b R pl 1·- t. t:TIIW I dl l end, begins the following genus.-A ' ts nu a, upp. · ' ru;.capi lus, T. Col. 47, ':2;-Clt. rnonacltu.~, Tern. ;-Cit.griseus, Lath. Ot. torquata, Cuv., a new species ft·om the Cape. . b' d comes from ~~d Cit. semipalmatus, Wils. VIII, pl. lix, f. 3;-Clt. melodus, Wils. V, pi. (1) Charadrius, the Greek name of a nocturnal aquatic tr ' xxvu, f. 3. Jlm. Ed. l~tt. Gaza translates it by Hiaticula. Thick·knee. (3) Species with unarmed, scutellated feet: Char. coronatua, Enl. 800;-Cit. me- (2) fEdicnemus (swelled leg), a name invented by Belon for the th Enl. 918, Savigny, Egypt, Ois ., pl. vi, f. 4, of which Vieillot makes (3) Adrl the (Edicneme tachard ((Ed. maculosus, Cuv.) C<>l. 292 ;-T:m. , .. , .... ''"'"'"' PLuYr.ums, Gal. pl. xxiii-its beak is somewhat stoutet• than the others. longs pieds (fEd. longipes, Geoff.,) Vieill. Gal. 228, or (Ed .. ecl~e, the species: Char. spinosus, Enl. 801 ;-Ch. cayanus,. Enl. 833. Species with 386;-the (Ed. a groa bee (fEd. magnirostria, Geoff.), Col. 387, ~~gh~:~~ Cltar. pileatus, Enl. 834;-0lt. bilobus, Enl. 880. of its beak, be placed at the head of a particular series to which The Cjla1·. cri.Ytat-us, ¥dw. 47, appears to be the same as the sp1'1101!ttS. closely allied species with a slightly recurved upper mandible: (Ed. ~~) 'l'ringa, or ratltcr T1·ynga, the Greek name of a bil'd the size of a Thrush, Cuv. :-Char. crtUairostris, Spix, 94. "' Jch frequ~nts the shores of rivers, and is con-;tantly moving its taiJ, A1·ist. It VoL. I.-2 w |
