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Show 202 MAMMALIA. large h orns, (1 ·1rected outwards and dow.n wards, ascending from h · t flattened and so wide at the1r base that they nearly t e pom, t ' • th forehead merely leaving between them a triangular cover e ' . 1 · the oint of which is above. It 1s a very arge ammal, space, p . . . . h b' . 1 d of an excessively ferocious dtspos1t10n, m a 1t1ng t 1e woo s of Caffraria. , B 1 tus Gm . Schr CCCII; La Tete, Buff. Supp. VI, • mOSCILa , ., • • ... (Th Musk Ox of America.) The horns approximated and 111. e ~ h d . . s1· m1' I ar1 y c1 t' r ected , but meeting on the 1ore ea. m a straight line; those of the female are smaller and more w1dely ~eparat~cl; the forehead is convex, and the end of the muzzle furmshed Wlth hairs. It stands low, and is covered with tufted hair that reaches to the ground. The tail is extremely short. It diffuses more strongly than any other species th~ mt~sky odour common to all the genus. It is only to be met w1~h m th: coldest parts of North America, though it seems that 1ts cramu~ and bones have been carried by the ice to Siberia. The Esqutmaux make caps of the tail, the hairs of which, falling over their face, defend them from the Musquitoes. ORDER IX. CETACEA. The Cetacea are mammiferous animals without hind feet; their trunk is continued by a thick tail, terminating in an hori· zontal, cartilaginous fin, and their head is united to the trunk by a neck, so thick and short, that no diminution of its dia~e· ter can be perceived, and composed of very slender cerv1cal vertebrre, which are partly anchylosed or soldered together. The first bones of the anterior extremities are shortened, and the succeeding ones flattened and enveloped in a tendinous membrane, which reduces them to true fins. Their exte~nal form is altogether that of fishes, the tail fin excepted, ~hl~h in the latter is vertical. They always therefore remain Ill the water; but as they respire by lungs, they are com~elle~ to return frequently to its surface to take in fresh supphes 0 air. Independently of this, their warm blood, their ears, CETACEA • . 203 with external, though smaiJ, openings, theit· viviparous generation, the mammre with which they suckle their young, and all the details of their anatomy sufficiently distinguish them from fishes. Their brain is large, and its hemispheres well developed; the petrous portion of the cranium which contains the internal ear is separated from the rest of the head, and only adheres to it by means .of ligaments. There are no external ears, nor hairs upon the body. The form of their tail compels them to flex it from above downwards to produce a progressive motion; it also greatly aids them in rising in the water. To the genera of the Cetacea hitherto admitted, we add others formerly confounded with the Morses. FAMILY I. CETACEA HERBIVORA. The teeth of these animals have flat crowns; this determines their mode of life, and the latter induces them to leave the water frequently, to seek for pasture on shore. They have two mammre on the breast, and hairy mustachios; two circumstances which, when observed from a distance as they raise ~e anterior part of the body vertica11y from the water, may giVe them some resemblance to human beings, and have probably occasioned those fabulous accounts of Tritons and Sirens which some travellers pretend to have seen. Although in the ~ranium the bony nostrils open towards the top, the orifices In the skin are pierced at the end of the muzzle. Their stomach is divided into four sacs, of which two are lateral, and they have a large crecum. . MANATus, Cuv. The Lamantins, or rather the Manati, have an oblong body, terminated by an elongated oval fin; the grinders, eight in number throughohut, have a square crown, marked with two transverse elevations; t ere are no . . . . . 1 InCisors nor camm m t 1e adult; but when very young, we ftnd two very small pointed teeth in the intermaxillary bones, |