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Show 80 MAMMALIA. whose thumb has a little concave palette peculiar to them, and by which they are enabled to cling more closely.( 1) N ooTILio, Lin. Ed. XII. Muzzle short, inflated, and split into a double hare-lip, ~o~ered with odd looking warts and seams; ears separate; ~our mc1sors above, and two below; tail short, and free above the mter-femoral membrane. . . . The species best known is from Amenca. It IS of. a umform fawn-colour-Vespert. leporinus, Gm., Schreb. LX.(2) PHYLLOSTOMA, Cuv. and Geoff. The regular number of incisors is four to each jaw, but a part of the lower ones f1·equently fall, being forced out by the growth of the canini. They are moreover distinguished by a membrane resembling a doubled leaf, that is placed crosswise on the end of the no~e. The tragus of the ear resembles a sm~llleaf, m.ore or .less d~ntlculat.ed, The tongue, which is very extensible, termmates m pa.plll::e, wh~ch appear to be so arranged as to form an or~an of suctwn-the hps also are furnished with tubercles, symmetrically arranged. They are all from America, run along the ground with more facility than the other bats, and have a habit of sucking the blood of animals. a. Without a tail.-VAMPIRus, Spix. P. spect1·um; V. spectrum, Lin.; .llndira-guagu of the Brazilians; Seb. LVIII; Geoff. Ann. Mus. XV, xii, 4. (The Vam· pire.) The leaf funnel-shaped; colour a reddish brown; size, that of a Magpie. From South America. It is accused of causing the death of men and animals by sucking their blood; the wound, however, is small, though it may occasionally prove serious from the effects of the climate.(S) b. The tail involved in the interfemoral membrane. V. hastatus, L. Buff.; XIII, xxxiii. (The Javelin Bat.) The leaf shaved like the head of a javelin, the edges entire.( 4) (1) Thir. tricolor, Spix, 36, f. 9. It is with some hesitation that we have thus placed this subgenus, its description being incomplete. (2) TheN. dorsatus, Geoff., or theN. vittatus, Pr. Max., has a white stripe down the back.-TheN. albiventr:r, Spix, 35, 2 and 4, is fawn-coloured above, white be· neath, and rather smaller. Add, N. rufus, Spix, 35, 1. (3) Add la Lunette; Veap. perspicillatus, L.; Buff., Supp. YIJ, lxxiv; and the three species from Azza.ra, by Geoff., Ann. du Mus., VI, 181-182. ( 4) Add Philost. elongatum, Geoff., Ann. Mus., XV, ix. CARNARIA. 81 c. The tail free above the membrane. P. crenulatum, Geoff. Ann. du Mus. XV, pl. 10. (The Indented Javelin Bat.) The leaf denticulated on the edges. M. Geoffroy, Mem. du Mus. IV, p. 418, separates from the Phyllostom;; e those species whose tongues are narrow, susceptible of elongation, and furnished with papillre resembling hairs-he calls them GLOSSOPHAGA. These species are likewise from America.( 1) In the second great tribe of Bats the index has only one bony phalanx, while all the other fingers have two. This tribe is also divided into several subgenera. MEGADERMA, Geoff • .Ann. du Mus. XV. The membrane on the nose, or the leaf, more complicated thai1 that of the Phyllostom::e ; the tragus large and most commonly bifurcated; the conchs of the ear ample and soldered together on the top of the head; tongue and lips smooth J the inter-femoral membrane entire, and no tail. They have four incisors below, but there are none above, and their inter-maxillary bone remains cartilaginous. They are all from the eastern continent, either from Africa, the Lea[ from Senegal for instance, (Meg. Fron1., Geoff.) whose nasal membrane is oval and nearly as large as the h'ead; or from the Indian Archipelago, as the Spasma of Ternate, Vespert. Spasma, L., Seb. I, Lvr.-La Lyre, Geoff. Ann. Mus. XV, pl. 12.-Le Trijle de Java, ld. ib.,- &c. They are distinguished from each other by the figure of the leaf, like the Pltyllostorrtce. RaiNOLO'PHus, Geoff. and Ouv. The nose of the Horse-shoe Bats, as they are vulgarly called, is· furnished with very complex crests and membranes laid upon the chanfrin, presenting the figure of a horse-shoe ; the tail long and placed in the inter-femoral membrane. There are four incisors below, and two very small ones above in a cartilaginous inte·r-maxillary bone. Tllere are two species of them in France which are very common, discovered by Daubenton. R. bifer, Geoff., Ann. Mus. XX, pl. 5; Vesp. ferrum equinum, L.; and the small one, Vesp. hipposideros, Bechst. (1) P"espr:rtilio soricinus, Pa.ll. Spicil. Fascic. III, pl. 3 and 4, copied Buff. Supp. UI, pl. 53.-G/ossoph. amplexicaudatus, Geoff. Mem. Mus. IV, pl. 18, F. C.-Gl. catidifr:r, ld. ib. pl. 17, fig. A and B. VoL. 1.-L |