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Show 358 AVES. It is impossible to avoid separating from the whole genus Tetrao the TRIDAOTYLEs, Lacep.-HEMIPODius, Tern., In which the thumb is wanting, and whose compt•essed beak forms a little projection under the low~r mandibl~. They cannot, how. ever, be properly classed until their a~at~rny IS better known. They are polygamous, and inhabit sandy districts. Some of them, the TuRNIX, Bonnat.-ORTYGis, Illig. Have still all the appearance of Quails; their toes are completely separated down to the very base, and are without the small mem· branes. The natives of Java use one speties for fighting, as Cocks are used in England; it is the Hemip. pugnax, T., Col. 602.(1) Others, such as the SYRRHAPTES, Illig., Are so far removed from the general type of the Gallinacere, that we are tempted to doubt the propriety of placing them in this ord.er. Their short tarsi are covered with feathers as well as the toes, whJch are also very short and partly united; their wings are extremely long and pointed. r One species only is known, and that is from the deserts 0 central Asia-Tetrao paradoxus, Pall., Voy., Fr. Trans. Svo, tom. III, pl. 1, page 18; Vieill. Galer.,. pl. 222; the Het~ro· elite, Tern., Col., pl. 95. OdcntophO'l'Us rofus, Vieill. Galer. pl. ccxi, which is not a Tinamou, as ~mhelliln asserts. Among those the s1· ze of the Quat' l : r.1.n.1? tr ao mext·c anus, Enl · 149 ' .F mc·a l' · the same as marylandicus, Albm. . I, xxvm.. ·, an d as vt·r gt·n z·a nus, or Perdtx bore ..,, Vieill. Galer. 214;-Tetr. Falklandicus, Enl., 222;-Tetr. cristatus, Enl.l26, f, ~;~ the Colin Sonnini (Perd. Sonnini, T.) Col. 75, and Jour. de Phys.,.n, 217, an 3 r 5 · 2·-tbe Colin a aigrette de Cali~'ornie, Tetr. californius, Sh., Nat. MISC. IX, plb. I an' d Atl. Voy. de la Peyrouse, 'Jp' l. xxxvi;-the Perd. rousse-gorge (P er d• cam ay!JI· sis, Tern.) Col. 447;-Perd. australis, Vieill. Gal. 215. rt (1) Add Tetrao nigricollis, Enl. 171 ;-Tet1·. andalusicus, Lath., Syn. ~·~a 2: fig. of the title page;-Tetr. luzoniensis, Sonn. Voy. I, pl. ~x.m.. ;-Hemtpodtus m· 622 01 grifrons, Tern. III, 610, and Vieill. Gal. 218;-Hemip. thoractcus, Tern. III,f h''ch • liK :n: .. T Col 60 1 o w 1 Turnixmaculatus, Vieill. Gal. pl. 217;-Hemtp .. w.et,urenu, · · ' 'Wad 11, Vieill., Gal. 300, makes his genus TonTICELLE, and places it among th~ .~, inasmuch as the lower part of the tibia is without feathers;-the lleft ~lmatin Swains. Zool. Ill., 163, must also belong to it;-tbe Tetr. suscitator, or evel of Java is also a Turnix. See llontius, Med. Ind. p. 65. GALLINACEJE. 359 It is equally necessary to separate from Tetrao, the TINAMus, Lath.-CRYPTURus, Illig.~YNAMBus, Azz.(l) Or the Tinamous, a genus of American birds very remarkable for a slender and long neck, (although their tarsi are short) covered with feathers, the tips of whose barbs are slender and slightly curled which gives a very peculiar air to that part of their plumage. Th~ beak is long, slender, and blunt at the end; somewhat arched, with a little groove on each side; the nostrils are pierced in the middle of' each side, and penetrate obliquely backwards. Their wings are short, and they have scarcely any tail. The membrane between the base of the toes is very short. Their thumb, reduced to a spur, cannot reach the ground. The circumference of the eye is partly naked. They either perch on low branches of trees, or hide among tall grass; they feed on fru~ts and insects, and their flesh is good. T~eit· size varies from that of the Pheasant down to that of the Quail, some of them are even still smaller. One portion of them,-PEzus, Spix, is still furnished with a small tail concealed under the feathers of the rump.(2) In the other-TINAMt,rs, Spix, every vestige of a tail is annihilated.( 3) Their nostrils are placed a little farther back. We should distinguish the RYNOHOTus, Spix, whose beak, which is stronger, has no groove, and is slightly arcuated and depressed; the nostrils are pierced near the base.( 4) CoLUMBA, Lin. The Pigeons may be considered as forming a slight transition from the Gallinace~ to the Passerinre. Like ~he former, their beak is vaulted, the nostrils perforated in a broad membranous space, and (1) Except his Charq, which is a Gallinula, and his Um, which is the Tocro al. ready spoken of among the Partridges. . (2) Tetr. maJor, Gm., or Tin, brasiliensis, Lath., or the 'Pin. magoua, Tern.; Buff. En!. 476, and much better, Ilist. des Ois., IV, 4to, pl. xxiv; it is the Pezus aerratua, Spix;-Tetr. cinereus;-Tetr. variegatus, Enl. 328, from which the Tin. undulatua, 'l'., or Cryptura aylvicola, Vieill. Gal. 216, can differ but little;-7ln. apequia (T. obaoletus, Tern.) Col. 196;-Tin. tataupa, Swains. Ill. 19, or T. plumbeus, 'r. Col. 196, or Pezus niamba, Spix, 78, a;-Tinamus noctivagus, Pr. M:u:., or Pezua zabele, Sp., 77 ;-1\'n. macaoo or vermicule ( T, adspersus, T. ), Col. 369, or Pezus 'vapura, Sp. 78;-Tetr. sovi, Gm., or Tin. soui, Lath. Buff., Enl. 829. (3) Tin. inambui, Azz. ( T. maculosus, I.), or T. major, Sp., 80;-T. medius,. Spix,Sl;-T. boraquira, Sp. 79;-T. carape, (T.pavoninus, T.) ofwhich the TI:nam. minor, Sp. 81, appears to be the female. These three species are very similar. (4) The Tinamou isabelle ( T. rufescena, T. ), Col. 412; or Rhinckotua fasciatua,_, Spix, 7(;. |