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Show 258 AVES. coloured nearly Hke the Parus major. The feathers on the head of the male form a tuft. From New Holland. p ARDALOTUS, Vieill. The beak short, but slightly compr~ssed; upper ridge sharp· · t d -and arcuated • the point emargmate. Very small Birds, pom e , ' with a short tail. . Th b t known species, Pipra punctata, Sh. z .ool. MlSC. III; Col. e7 es · kl d · h h' 8; Vieill. Gal. pl. 73, is partly sprm e wlt w tte. From New Holland. ( 1) MusciCAPA, Lin. The Fly-Catchers have a horizontally depressed beak, furnishe~ with hairs at its base, and the point more or less ho~ked and emar· · t d Their general habits are those of the Shrikes, and ther gma e . . . Th k l. mall Birds or Insects, according to the1r s1ze. e wea est 1ve on s .1 W d' 'd of them gradually approach the form of the Wagta1 s. e lVI e them as follows: TYitANNus, Cuv.(2) The Tyrants have a very stout, long, straight beak; the upper ridge blunt; the point curved suddenly into a ?ook. They are American Birds, as large as the European Shr1kes, and equallr courageous. They defend their young even from the ~agle, a:: drive all Birds of prey from their nest. The larger spec1es feed small Birds, and do not always despise carrion.(3) (1) Add Pardal. ornatus, Temm., Col. 394, 1.-P. percussus, Jd. 394, 2. The1 lead us to the first subdivision of the Tanaers. (") Vieillot has adopted this name and genus, Galer. 133. (S) The bentaveo or Spoon-billed Tyrant of llrazil, Enl. 212 (Lanius pitangw. Gm. ).-Le 'Jlyran d' ventre J.a une, (Lan. sulfuraeMus, Gm.) E n1 · 296 ' the sam4e9 ~u the Garlu or Geai d ventre jaune de Cayenne, ( Conms Jlavus, ~m). E~!· 225'~ rhe Mttse. velata, Spix, 22.-Muse. polyglotta, Id., 24.-Muse. stmtlts,. ~6 ;~ vhich his Muse. ru.fina, lb. 131, is the young.-The Muse. cinerea, 8~1:• ' · .e 'I'yran 6. ventre blanc, (Lan. tyrannus, Gm.) Enl. 537 and 676, VJeJJI, 33.-Musc. cineraseens, Spix, 22.-Le Tyran a queue rousse, (Muse. aud:l .nl. 453, 2; Wi1s. Am. II, xiii, 1.-Le Petit tyran, (Muse. Jerox, Gm. ), n, · 1, or Muse. furcata, Spix, 19. The Muse. vetula, Spix, 18.-Le 1.'yran a fourcltue de Cayenne, (Muse. tyrannus, Gm. ), Enl. 471, 2.-Le F· a q:f. ~ (Mztse. for.ficata, Gm.) Enl. 677. The Fork- Tailed Tyrant of B1'ltztl, ( usc. cauda, Spix, 17) Zool. Journ. ll, pl. iv.-Le Tyran a huppe verte (Muse. ' Gm.) Enl. 569; Wils. Am. II, xiii, 2? Add also J.lfusc. vcrticalis, Am. Orn. Bonap. I, pl. ii, f. 2. .IJ.m. Ed. PASSERINlE. 259 MuscrPETA, Cuv. The b~ak long, muc~ compressed, double its height in breadth, even at 1ts base; ~he ridge very obtuse, sometimes however very acute; the edges slightly curved; the point and emargination weak; long setre or mustachios at its base. They are too powerless to capture any thing but Insects, and several of them are ornamented with long tail feathers, beautiful crests on the head, or at least with brilliant colours. The greater number inhabit Africa and the Indies.( 1) Some species allied to the Muscipetce, (PLATYRHYNOHUs,) are distinguished by a still broader and more depressed beak.(2) (1) We should first of all distinguish the Roi de8 Gobe-mouches, Buff. ( Todus regius, ~m.) E~l. 289. Then we have the crested species, and which have long feathers m the ta1l, such as the Moucherolle de paradis (Muse. paradisi and Todus paradisiacus, Gm. ), Enl. 234. N.B. All these figures represent females· the tail of the males is much longer.-Le Petit Moueherolle de Paradis o1· Scltet' of Madagascar (Muse. mutata). Two birds which Buffon describes elsewhere under the name of Vardiole or Pie de paradis.-Then follow those species without crests whose tail feathers are somewhat elongated; The Mouclter, Yetapa (Muse. psal~ra, T.), Col. 286 and 296, or Muse. 1·isora, Vieill. 131 ; the Moucher a queue de coq; Gallita of Azz.; Muse. a/ector, P. Max.; Col. 155, Vieill. 132.-Platltyrh. filicauda, Spix, 14. Some species are distinguished by a membranous circle round the eye : Muse. melarwptera, Gm.; En]. 567, 3.-M. telescoplttalma, Less. and Garn., Voy. de Duperr., Zool., pl. xviii. Others are remarkable for a long, flat, and obtuse beak, similar to that of the Todies, hut it has a notch which is wanting in the true Todies, whose feet also are differently formed. T. cinereus, Desmar. or T. melanocephalus, Spix, ix, 2. The you?g is, T. cinereus, Spix, x, 1 and T. maculatus, Desm.-T. griseus, Desm. . Fmally, a multitude of other species, as the mantele, Vaill. 151 or Muse. b()rbontca, Enl. 573, 1.-.M. cristata, 573, 2, and Tcltitrec, Vaill., Afr., III, 142, 1.-Mu8c. c:e:ulea, Enl. 666, 1.-Todusleucocephalus, Pall., Sp., VI, pl. iii, f. 2, or Muse. domtmca. na, Spix, 29, 2. M. albiventer, Id. 30, is its female.-T. sylvia, Desm.-Platyr_ hmclttts cltrysoceps, Spix, :XI, 2.-Plat. ruficauda, lb. 1.-Plat. hirundinaceus, Splx, 13, 1.-Plat. cinereus, lb. 2.-Musc. barbata, Enl. 830, 1, of which M. xanthopygus, Spix, IX, 1, appears to be the female.-Muse. coronata, Enl. 675.-The molenar, Vaill. 160, 1, 2, or M. pistrinaria, Vieill.-The G. m. d lunettes, lb. 152, 1.-M. .flammiceps, Tern. Col. 144, 3.-M. mystax, Spix, 31.-M. murantia, En!. 331, 1.-.M: qu.erula, Vieill. Am. 39, from which the Plat. cinereus, Spix, Xur, scarcely differs.-M. cucullata, I .. ath., &c. N.B. The Mus. barbata has become the genus TYRANNUL.&, Swainson; and theM. qtterula the Mn.&GRA. of Vigors and Horsfield. (2) It is from this division that M. Vieillot has made his genus Plat.!jrhynclws, ~a!. 126. Such are Muse. aurantia, Enl. 831, 1.-1bdus macrorltyncltw, Lath. t· I, pl. xxx, or 'lbdus rostratus, Lath., Desmar. and particularly TodU8 platyrY'flcltoa, Pall., Spic., VI, pl. iii, c. We see that many of the Muscipetz have |