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Show 390 AVES. their beak and their semi-palmated external toes, furnish a mark which may assist us to recognize them. This bird, common to the whole north of Europe, is also found on the coast of France, particularly in the spring, but it does not build there.( 1) There are some small birds in America resembling the Sand· pipers, whose feet are semi-palmated anteriorly; (the HEMIPA· LAMA, Bonap.) Tringa semi-palmata, "\Viis., VII, lxiii, 4; Tringa brevirostris, Spix, xciii. It appears that it is near the Sandpipers we must place the EuRINORHYNOHus, Wilson. Which is distinguished from them by its depressed bill, widened at the end almost like that of the Spoonbill, the only known species of which, Platalea pygmrea, L.; Eurinorltyncltus griseus, Wils., Thunb., Acad., Suec., pl. VI, is one of the rarest in existence, for only a single individual has been found: it is grey above, white be· neath, and hardly as large as a Pelidna. PHALAROPus, Briss.(2) Small birds, whose bill, though flatter than that of the Sandpipers, is similarly proportioned, and has the same grooves; the toes also are bordered with wide membranes like those of Fulica. The spe· cies known, Phal. fulicarius, Bonap.; Tringa lobata and Tr. fulicaria, 1.(3) has a very large beak for a member of this family. In winter, it is ash-coloured above; beneath, and the head, whitish; a black band on the neck: it is then the Tr. lobata, Edw. 308. In summer it becomes black, streaked with fawn colour above, and reddish beneath: there is at all times a white band on the wing, which is blackish: it is then the Phalaropus rufus, Bechst. and Sp. 11; Briss. V, pl. xvii, fig. 1, quoted by Gmel. under Scot. calirlris; the true Maubeche, Briss. V, pl. xx, fig. 1 ( Tringa calirltis, Gm.): the bird of Frisch, pl. 238, are all ruffs in different state's of plumage, many other varieties of which might still be represented. According to Meyer, the Tringa grenovicensis, Lath. is also a young Ruff. , (1) A true Ru.ffwas shot on Long Island a few weeks ago (May 1830). ltLI the only one ever found in this country. .Om. Erl. (2) Vieillot has changed this name into CRYMOPHIL:&, Gal., pl. 270. (3) Meyer improperly confounds this bird, Edw. 308, with the Tringa.hypet' borea and the T ringa fusca, which have the beak of a Totanu~, and of whJch we make our Loux:PEs. GRALLATORIJE, 391 Meyer; Tringa fulicaria, L., Edw. 142·(1) Cr11mopl. ·ze V. '11 G 1 ' ., m roux, 1e1 ., a ., 270. This bird is rare in Europe. STREPSILAS. ( 2) Th~ Turn-stones stand. rather low; the bill is short, and the toes are Without membranes, hke those of the true Sand · • b · 'II · · 1 · . pipers, ut this bi . IS comca, pomted, Without any depression ' com press·w n, or m· - fiation, an,d. the nasal fossce do not extend to mo re th an h a If l· ts l.e ngth. 1 he thum. b b. arely reaches the ground · The 1· r b1'l l , wh I' ch IS stronger and stiffer m proportion than that of the preceding birds, enables them to overturn stones, beneath which they find worms. The mantle of one species is varied with black and red. head and belly, white; cheeks and breast, black; it is dissem~nated throughout both continents, and is the Tringa interpres, L., ~nl. 856. There is also one varied with grey and brown, which Is perhaps but the same species at a different age-Enl. 340 and 857; Vieill. Gal. 237.(3) ToTANus, Cuv.( 4) 'fhe beak of these birds is slender, round, pointed and solid; the nasal fossce .do n_ot extend beyond the half of its length, and the ~pper mandible IS slightly arcuated near the end. Their form is hght and their legs long; but a small part of their thumb rests on ~he ground; their external web is well marked. Each of the species IS found throughout almost the whole of the globe. Seal. glottis, L.; Chevalier aux pieds verts; Albin. II, 69; Aldrov. Orn. III, 535; Brit. Zool. pl. c. 1? As large as a Limosa beak thick and strong, a brown ash colour above and on th; sides; edges of the feathers dotted with brown; white rump and bel!y; tail marked with narrow and irregular grey and white stripes; the feet green. In summer the neck and breast are ~pott~d with brown; in winter the whole under part of the body Is white. It is the largest of all the European species. 8col. fuaca, L.; Cheval nair; Barge brune; Buff. Enl. 875; Frisch, 236,(5) has the graceful form of the Godwit, and in summer is. a blackish brown above and slate-coloured beneath; the feathers. h (l) Gmelin has increased the confusion by quoting this bird as a variety of the yperborea. (2) Vieillot has changed this name into that of AR:&NARU, Gal. pl. 237. · (~) See Edw., 141; Naum., Suppl. 62,£ 118; Wils. VII, I vii, 2. The O'hevalier IJ!Jrie, En!. 300, referred by Meyer to Strepsilas, is merely a RufF. (4) Totano, the Venetian name of a Limosa or Totanus. at (S) According to Meyer, the Scot. curonica and cantabrigiemu, and the Tringa ra, Gm. should be referred to this bird. The two first are the young ones. |
