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Show 388 AVES. fossre are very long as in the Godwits, but this bill is not usually longer than the head; their slightly bordered toes have no rnem· branes at base, and their thumb can hardly reach the ground; their moderately long legs and short figure give them a heavier carriage than that of the God wits. They are also much smaller. Tringa grisea, Tr. cinerea, and Tr. canutus, Gm.; La Maubeche, Enl. 366; Edw. 276; 'Viis. VII, lvii, 2. (The Sandpi· per.) Winter plumage ash-coloured above, white beneath, with blackish spots on the front of the neck and breast. In its sum· mer livery, Tr. islandica, Gm., or Tr. rufa, Wils. VII, lvii, 5, it is spotted above, fawn colour and blackish; underneath, red. The Tr. nrevia, Enl. 365, is an intermediate state. The coverts of the tail are always white striped with black, and its quills grey. Nearly as large as a Snipe. Tr. maritima, Brun.; Tr. nigricans, Montag., Lin. Trans. IV, pl. 11, f. 2; Brit. Zool. in fol., pl. c. 2, f. 1~ Somewhat less than the preceding; grey; the mantle blackish; wings undulated with whitish; whitish belly. It is common on the coast of Hoi· land, rare in France. AI ways settles on stones. ( 1) ARENARIA, Bechst . ..,..CALIDRxs, Vig. The Sanderlings resemble the Sandpipers in every point but one, viz. they have no thumb, as is the case with the Plove1·s. The species known, Charadrius calidris, Gm. Briss. V, pl. xx § 2· Vieill. Gal. 234, is, in winter, greyish above; front and und' ern'e ath white; blackish wings, varied with white; W'1l s., VII, lix, A. In summer, its back is spotted with fawn-c~lour and black, and its breast dotted with blackish,-Char. rubtdus, Wils., VII, lxiji, 3.(2) PELIDNA, Cuv. The Pelidme are merely small Sandpipers, with a bill somewhat longer than the head. The edging of their feet is insensible. . TrinO'a cinclus and alpina; .!ilouette de mer (The Sea-Lark), 15 5 a third smaller than the Great Sandpiper, and h• ke I• t, m• 'nter Wl 1 (1 ) AddofEuropeanspec1·e s: T r . m.L emmt·n c ki"t , L e1· s Ie r, C oI · 41 ' 4•· -Tr· minula, Leisl. Naum. 21, f. 50. Of species foreign to that country: Tr. leucoptera, ~~1·1• Lath. Syn. lll, pl. lxxxii;-Tr. albescens, Tern. Col. 41, 1;-T r. macu l0s a ' V1e1 • Dict.;-Tr. pusilla, Wils ., pl. xxxvii, 4. · Add Tr. islandica, L., Wils, VIII, p. lvii, f. 2, 5. .O.m. Ed. e . . . · ter plumag , (2) It has been confounded w1th the ./1./ouette de mer, m 1ts wm . the otherwise the little Sandpiper, or Tt·. arenaria. Brisson, in particular, ~~ve~·da figure of the one, and the description of the other. The Calid~a trmgot ' Vicill. Gal. 234, seems to be a bad figure of this bird in its summer hvery. GRALLATORI}£. 389 is ash-coloured above, white beneath, and the breast shaded with grey? in summer, its plumage is fawn-coloured above, spotted w1th black, small black spots front of the neck and bre.a st, and a blacTk: patch under the belly. It is then th e T:r . alp~na, Gm., or r. cinclus, B. Enl. 852· Wils VII 1 • 2 , ' •' , VI, • The Tr. ct.nclus, L., Enl. 851, is an intermediate state.(l) The CocoRLI only differs from the Sea-larks by its beak being slightly arcuated. The species known, Scolopax subarcuata, Gm.; Numenius africanus, Lath.; N aum. 21, f. 28 and 20; f. 27, is, in winter, blackish above, undulated with grey and whitish beneath; in summer the back is spotted with black and fawn-colour, the wings are grey, and the head and under part of the body red. It is found everywhere, though very rarely. The FALOINELLUs(2) Has a beak somewhat more arcuated than that of the Cocorli; the thumb, moreover, is deficient. One species only is known, Scol. pygmrea, .L., a native of Africa, but which has sometimes been seen in Europe. MACHETEs, Cuv.(3) The Ruffs are true Sandpipers in their bill and carriage; the membrane between their external toes, howover, is nearly as extensive as in Totanus, Limosa, &c. One species only is known, the Tringa pugnax, L., Enl. 305, 306. It is somewhat smaller than a snipe, and celebrated for the furious combats which take place among the males in the nuptial season. At this period the head is partly covered with red papillre, the neck is surrounded with a thick collar of feathers, so variously arranged and coloured, and projecting in such fantastic positions, that no two individuals can be found alike; even before this epoch there is so much diversity in their plumage, that many imaginary species have been described by naturalists.( 4) Their feet are always yellowish, which with (1) This is most probably the place for the Tringa macroptera, Spix, XCll. .Add Am. Spec. Tr. Schinzii, lJrehm.;-Tr. pectoralis, Bonap.;-Tr. platyrhinca, Temm. .11m. Ed. (2) Vieillot has changed this name into ERoLu.. It is not, as has been asserted, destitute of a thumb. (3) MttX,H1H,, pugnator. ne>..1lm, fuscus. (4) The ChetJalier varie, Duff., Sp. IV; Briss. V, pl. xvii, 2 (Tringa littorea, L.; Tringa ochropus, B.; littorea, Gm.). The ChetJalier, properly so called, Buff. |
