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Show 338 AYES. but little extent; their tail is tolerably long. They build in the hollows of trees. THE ToucANs, properly so called, Have a beak larger than their head; they are generally black, with lively colours on the throat, breast, and rump. These parts of their plumage were employed, formerly, in a kind of embroidery.(!) PTEROGLossus, Illig.-ARAOARI, Buff. The beak not so thick as the head, and invested with a more solid horn; their size is less, and the ground of their plumage green with some red ot• yellow on the throat and breast.(2) PsiTT Acus, Lin. The Parrots have a stout, hard, solid beak, rounded on all sides and enveloped at base by a membrane in which the nostrils are pierced, and a thick fleshy and rounded tongue; two circumsta~ces which give them the greatest facility in imitating the human votce. Their inferior larynx, which is complicated and furnished on ea~h side with its three muscles, also contributes to this facility. Thetr vigorous jaws are set in motion by a greater number of muscles than is founu in other birds. Their intestines are very long, and they have no crecum. 'fhey feed on all sorts of fruit, climb among the branches of trees by the aid of their beak and claws, and build in hollow trees. Their voice is naturally harsh and disagreeable, and they are almost universally ornamented with the brightest colou~s, hardly any of them being found beyond the torrid zone. They extst however in both continents, the species of course differing in each. Every large island even has its peculiar species, the short wings of these birds not allowing them to cross any great extent of water. The Parrots, consequently, arc very numerous: they are subdivided by the forms of their tails and some other characters. (1) Rampltastos toco, Enl. 82, Vaill. 2;-carinatus, Wagler, Edw. 329;-tucanus, Enl. 307;-piscivorus, L. or Callorltynclms, Wagler, Edw., 64;-maximus,.Nob., Vaill. Touc. pl. vi;-pectoralis, Sh. or 'Fucai, Lich. Enl. 269;-.ll.ldrovandz, S~ll Alb., II, 25;-erythror!tynclws, Sh., Enl. 262, Vaill. 3;-Valiantii, ~agler, Val · 4;-'I'ocard, Id. Vaill. 9;-vitellinus, Id. Vaill. 17, Swains. Zool. Ill. 56;-dicoWrU$, Wagler, or chlororhynclws, Temm. Vaill. 8. . (2) Ramp!~. viridis, Enl. 727, 728, Vaill. 16, 17;-aracari, Enl. 166, Va~. 10 1 3 11, Vieill. Galet·. 30;-piperivorus, L. or Culik, Wagler, Enl. 577, 729, Va~ll. II and 14;-Pterogl. sulcatus, Swains. Zool. Ill. 44, Col. 356;-picatu~, Al~m. ·u' 25;-.fl.zzarre, Yaill. Suppl. A;-inscriptus, Swains. Zool. Ill. 90;-badlont, Vru · 18;-macalirostris, Vaill. 15, and Suppl. AA. SCANSORiiE, 339 Among those which have a long cuneiform tail, we first distinguish AnA, Kuhl. The Aras or Maccaws, whose cheeks are divested of feathers. They arc American species, most commonly very large, and their plumage extremely brilliant, on account of which many of them are sent alive to Europe.(l) The other long-tailed Parrots have the common name of ConNuRus, Kuhl, Or Paroquets. Le Yaillant divides them into the A RA-P AROQUETs, Which have a naked space round the eye; they inhabit America like the Ara:(2) and into the ARROW-TAILED PAROQUETs, Where the two middle quills extend far beyond the others.(3) Such is the first species known in Europe, where it was brought by Alexander; Psittacus .IJ.lexandri, L., Enl. 642. It is of a fine green, with a red collar on the neck, and a black spot under the throat. The third subdivision of Le Vaillant is the (1) Psitt. macao, L., Vaill. 1;-Ps. aracanga, Enl. 12, Vaill. 2;-Ps tricolor, Vaill. 5;-Ps. hyacinthinus, Latb., or .IJ.nodorltynchusMaximiliani, Spix, XI;-Ps. ararauna, En!. 36;-Ps. militaris, Vaill. 4;-Ps. severus, Vaill. 8, 9, 10;-Ps. macawuanna, En I. 864, Yaill. 7 ;-.IJ.rara purpureo-dorsalis, Spix, XXIV. (2) Pa. guyannensis, Enl. 167, 407, Vaill. 14, 15;-Ps. squamo.sus, Shaw, Mi~ cell. 1061;-Ps. vittatus, Vaiii. 17;-Ps. versicolor, Enl. 144, V!lill. 16;-Ps. Bol8titialis, Vaill. 16-19, or .O.ratinga chryso-cephalus, Spix, XIV. His .O.ratinga lut~ is a variety. (3) It is this division which furnished MM. Vigors and Horsfield with their genus PAL~ORNrs. We should place in it, Ps. torquatus, Briss. Enl 551 ;-Ps . .O.lexandri, I.. Enl. 642, Vaiii. 30; Edw. 2 92, the young of which, according to Kuh1, is Ps. eupatria, L., Vaiii. 73, Enl. . 239;-Pa. annulatus, Bechst. Vaiii. 75, 76,-Ps. erythrocephalus, L., gingianus, Lath. Vail!. 45, Edw. 233;-Ps. malaccensis, Gme1.;-Ps. barrabandi, Swains. III, 59 •. or barbnlatus, llechst. EnL 888, Vaill. 72;-Ps. bengalensis, Gm. Enl. 888, ;alii. 74;-Ps. papuensis, Sonner. Nouv., Guin., III;-Ps. rufirostris, En]. 580;- l.luematodus, Enl. 61, or cyanocephalus, Enl. 192, or moluccanus, Enl. 743, or cyanogaster, Shaw, Gen. Zool., Vlii, pl. Iix, and J. White, p. 140, all varieties of age. MM. Vigor11 and Horsfield having observed in this last certain setre under the tip of the tongue, erected it into a genus by the name of TRICJIOGLossus. It would be a matter of some interest to ascertain if many other Paroquets do not possess this same character. |