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Show 178 MAMMALIA. . . t d the bones of the nose. It is a lost tical partition that suppo~ e b dy which was taken from the ice species; and a nearly e;~~~e ; in' Siberia, showed that it was on the banks of thel Ih' oku hair It is possible then that its ed with tolerab Y t IC · . cov~r north like that of the fossil Elephant. hab1tat was to the . L' b dy there have been disinterred, In Tuscany, and m om ar ' . h still more recently, otl l er Rhinoceros b. ones, whic seem to . t much nearer to that of Africa. approx1ma e · · · l'k th Some have been l.'~ ounu..:.~ 1·n Germany .w 1th mc1sors 1 e d' e As1. at1. c spec1. es,. an d 1a stly ' some of the1r bones dhl ave bee·n ltS - covered m. France, wh l' Ch announce a size har y superlOr o that of the Hog. HYRAX, Herro. The Damans as they are termed, have long been placed among t.he R d fa o; account of their small size ; if, however, we exa~me th:;:l~;ely, we shall find, the horn excep~ed~ that they .•~e R~n~· ceroses m. m1'n i'ature ' at least they hav.e s.i mllar moladr sd' ut t dei r upper J.a W 1. s f u rnl'shed with two strong mciso. r.s curve ownwar hs , and at an early age with two very small camm; the lower one£ as l' • • rs but no canini There are four toes to the fore eet, .lOUr lDClSO , ' • h' h' and three to the hind one, all except the internal posterw:, w IC lS armed with a hooked and oblique nail, terminated by a kmd of very small, thin, and rounded hoof. The muzzle and th.e e~rs are sh~:~/ they are covered with hair, and have a tubercle m heu of a · Their stomach is divided into two sacs, and besides a large crecum and several dilatations of the colon, there are two appe?dages about the middle of the latter analogous to the two creca of b1rds. . f There 1. s one spec1. es known wh 1' c h 1· s as 1a roo- e as a Rabbit, o a greyish colour, and tolerably common am~ng the. rocks of all Africa where it frequently becomes the victim of birds of prey, and wh' ich also appears to m. h ab 'i t some par t s of Asia'. at least we cannot perceive any certain difference between the Hyrax capensis and the H. syriacus, Buff. Supp. VI, xl·u· , xr m·· , an d VII ' lxxix,( 1) The P ALlEOTHERIUM, Cuv., Is also a lost genus, with the same grinders as the two preceding, six incisors, and two canini in each jaw, like the Tapirs, and three (1) I have strong doubts of the authenticity of the llyrax ltudsonius, Bewick, 407, and Schreb. CCXL, c. It has only been seen ina Museum. PACHYDERMATA. 179 visible toes to each foot; they had also, like the Tapirs, a short fleshy proboscis, for the muscles of which the bones of the nose were shortened, leaving a deep notch underneath. We discovered the bones of this genus pele-mele with those of the Anoplotherium in the gypsum quarries near Paris. They also exist in many other parts of France. Eleven or twelve species are known already. At Paris alone we find them of the size of a Horse, of a Tapir, and of a small Sheep, while near Orleans are found the bones of a species that must have been as large as the Rhinoceros. These animals appear to have frequented the shores of lakes and marshes, for the rocks which conceal their bones also contain fresh water shells. See Cuv., Oss. Foss., tom. III. The LOPHIODoN, Cuv., Is another lost genus, which appears to be closely allied to the preceding one; its inferior grinders, however, have transverse ridges. Ten or twelve species have been extracted from our old fresh water formations, the same in which the Palreotherium is found. See my Oss. Foss., tom. III. To tpese genera should succeed the genus TAPIR, Lin., In which the twenty-seven molars, before they are worn, present two transverse and rectilinear prominences; in front, there are, in each jaw, six incisors and two canini, separated from the molars by an empty space. The nose resembles a small fleshy proboscis; there are four toes to the .fore feet, and three to the hind ones. For a long time but a single species was known, T. americanus, L.; Buff. Supp. VI, i. (The American Tapir.) Size of a small Ass; skin brown and nearly naked; tail moderate; neck fleshy, forming a sort of crest on the nape. Common in wet places, and along the rivers of the warm parts of South America. The young ones are spotted with white like the fawn. The flesh is eaten. Within a few years a second species has been discovered in the eastern continent. T. indicus, Farkharie, Soc. Asiat., tom. XIV; Horsfield, Jav. Miaba, Fr. Cuv. Mammif. (The Tapir of India.) Larger than that of America, of a black-brown; the back of a whitish grey. It inhabits the forests of Malacca, Sumatra, &c. Fossil Tapirs are also scattered throughout Europe; and among others is a gigantic species, which in size must have |