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Show -27- The first forty years of the American Union under the constitution brought into being many such indirect legislative compacts, partly implied, and to most of which the federal government was a party-all in aid of navigation and com- merce by water»60 Like ideas motivated Congress in enabling Ohio to enter the Union on condition that proceeds from the sale of a part of its public lands "be" dedicated to the construction of highways leading from the Ohio River to ". • .'« the navigable waters emptying into the Atlantic,"61 But with all the developments above noted, the national outlook was still far from satisfactory to the American statesmen who had unsuccessfully contended for free navigation of the Mississippi River by right of international law rather than by the graoious, but revocable, Spanish treaty of San Lorenzo el • Real, This is apparent from a report-, dated February 26, 1803, and made by a committee of Congress on. the proposed purchase of "the Floridas and New Orleans" from France, to which Spain had receded the territory west of the Mississippi in the year 1800, in this report the purchase was recommended ". • • not from a disposition to increase our territory; for neither the • Floridas nor Ne-.v Orleans offer any other inducements than their mere .geographical relation to the United States* But if we look forward to the free use of the Mississippi, the Mobile, the Appalachicola and the other rivers of the west, by ourselves and our posterity, New Orleans and the Floridas must become a part of the United States either by purchase or by conouest.n62 Upon this report5 James Monroe was sent by Thomas Jefferson (then President of the United States) to assist Robert R. Livingston in negotiating the purchase; and, finding Napoleon hard pressed for cash, they bought not only New Orleans and the French interest in the Floridas but all of Louisiana. This completed the sovereignty of the new American republic over the drainage basin of the longest river in the world and added to the common law territory of the United States a civil law dominion greater in area than the original thirteen States and all their territories combined."5 ^j^ treaty of cession of Louisiana Consult the indices of Volumes 1 to ]+, Stat • at L. for Acts of Congress relating to nearly all the inland -waterway projects east of the Mississippi River which have yet been conceived, even to this day. Act of Apr. 30-, 1802, S? (3), 2 Stat. at L. 173, 175* 5 Thorpe*s Consti- tutions, 2899* There were no provisions in the first constitution of Ohio about water rights, but the State became a party to the Virginia Compact, and the north shore of the Ohio River became the southern boundary of the State, which, hew- ever, acquired concurrent jurisdiction over the river. It so remains. Ohio was admitted into the Union in the year 1802* 62 Dealey, Foreign Policies of the United States, 20~2l|.. 63 Bulletin $689, Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 218* Con- sult, also, Treaty between the United States and the French Republic, Apr» ~$O, 1803, 8 Stat. at L. 202, 1 Malloy's Treaties, 508, Although the sovereignty over this vast territory was thus acquired from France, it was the numicipal laws of Spain which came with it. French laws fciad been abrogated by a Spanish governor named 0*Reilly, in the year 1769* and tti© |