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Show -40- of the waters lying between the two States with corresponding sovereign owner- ship of the underlying soil, but arranging a generally exclusive jurisdiction of each State on the surface of the waters to suit their commercial convenience without regard to the state line between them, and then allowing a few specified inroads upon the otherwise exclusive jurisdiction by the State not having it. Each State gave to the other a nearly exclusive jurisdiction over waters within the territorial limits of the granting State. The States do not appear to have made any other formal compacts involving water rights for more than half a century after the New York Harbor adjustment of 1834. except such as were made by the admission of new States. The States of Arkansas, Michigan and Florida came into the Union under the usual renunciation of right or interest in the public lands, but with nothing further of importance in their first constitutions relating to water rights.95 Texas, an independent republic existing under a constitution similar to that of the United States, sought and gained admission into the Union on a basis of equality with each of the other States, in the year 1845 96 This extended Jersey v. New York, 6 Pet. (U.S.) 323, 8 L. Ed. 414. (1832); but the suit had not been decided when this treaty (so called in People v. Central R.R. of New Jersey, 42 N. Y. 283 (187O)) was negotiated, and then approved by N. Y. Laws 1834, c. 8, p. 8, and N. J. Laws 1833-4., p. 118. Up to its date it was the most im- portant and elaborate water treaty or compact between the States with the pos- sible exception of the treaty of 1785 between Virginia and Maryland governing water rights in Chesapeake Bay, the Potomac River and other boundary waters. 95 Arkansas* 1 Thorpe's Constitutions, 261+ et seq.; Michigan; 4 Thorpe's Constitutions, 1928 et sea.; Florida: 2 Thorpe's Constitutions, 649 et seq. Each of these state constitutions requires the legislature to provide for in- ternal improvements, including the betterment of waterways. Arkansas was ad- mitted into the Union in the year 1836, Aot of June 15, 1836, 5 Stat. at L. 50, 1 Thorpe's Constitutions, 261+; Michigan in the year 1837* Act of Jan. 26, !837» 5 Stat. at L. XJ4I4., k Thorpe's Constitutions, 1929; and Florida in the year I8JL4.5. Act of Mar. 3, I8I4.5, 5 Stat. at L. 7ij2, 2 Thorpe's Constitutions, 662 et seq. In the Michigan constitution of I85O, Art. XVIII, SI4, 1+ Thorpe's Constitutions, 1967, it is provided that: W-No navigable stream in this state shall be either bridged or dammed without authority from the board of super- visors of the proper county under the provisions of law. No such law shall pre- judice "the right of.individuals to the free navigation of such streams or pre- clude the state from the further improvement of the navigation of such streams," 96 7 Tine constitution of the "Free State of Coahuila and Texas," adopted in 1827, provided thatt "It is free and independent of the other United Mexican States, and of every other foreign power and dominion. * • In all matters relating to the Mexican Federation, the State delegates its faculties and powers to the General Congress of the same, but in all that properly relates to the administration and entire Government of the State, it retains its liberty, independence, and sovereignty." 6 Thorpe's. Constitutions, 3^95• The Declara- tion of Independence of Texas, March 2, I836, declares that ". . . the people of Texas do now constitute a free, sovereign and independent republic, and are fully invested with all the rights and attributes which properly belong to |