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Show 11 which 'ambiguous', 'uncertain', 'uncommon', 'unfamiliar', 'unknown', are 'inverifiable', and 'uncontrollable'" ambiguities which exist as a as a (Smelser, 1962:81). Belief reduces the result of the conditions of structural strain, and determinant is important in clarifying the sources and of struc causes tural strain. The major types of generalized beliefs (1) hysteria, which leads are: to panic; (2) wish-fulfillment, which leads to scapegoating and mob violence; (4) norm-oriented, which leads or to craze; (3) hostility, which leads to reform counter-movement; and, finally, (5) value-oriented, which leads political, religious and nationalist revolution, or to secession and formation of cults. 4. in Precipitating themselves, but they Factors. must occur for collective behavior to take generalized a concrete a are not determinants in the context of the other determinants place. civeness, structural strain and collective behavior. Precipitating factors The combination of structural condu generalized belief, alone, "In any case, these cannot produce precipitating factors give the beliefs concrete, immediate substance. setting toward which collective behavior In this way can they provide be directed" (Smelser, 1962:17). Precipitating factors exaggerate to confirm existing fears, sharpen for peaceful action. For new and sharpen the situation, operating deprivations and close off opportunities instance, in panic "the role of the precipitating |
