UTAH HISTORICAL QUATERLY VOL I - VI

American posts

114 THE UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY AMERICAN POSTS (Continued) By Edgar M. Ledyard Chauncey, Fort. Old fort at Sackett's Harbor, N. Y., on Lake Ontario. New York. Chehalis, Fort. Lower Chehalis, Gray's Harbor. First •called Camp Chehalis. Washington. Chesterfield House. Canada. Chequamegon, Fort. Old French settlement and post near Lake Superior, Wisconsin. Chicago District Ordinance Office. 600 West Jackson Boule­vard, Chicago, Illinois. Chicago Quartermaster Inter. Depot. Chicago, Illinois. Chicago Quartermaster Corps Subsistence School. Chicago, Illinois. Chigas, Camp. At Santa Fe Street Bridge. El Paso, Texas. Childs, Fort. It was established and named by a detach­ment of Missouri volunteers.. The name was changed to Fort Kearny in 1848. This post was used as a depot by the Mor­mons. (See Fort Kearney.) Kearney, Kearney County, Ne­braska. Chilkott Barracks. At Haines on Chilkat Inlet. Alaska. Chipewayan, Fort. (Also spelled Chippewyan and Chipe-wayan.) A trading post of the Hudson's Bay Company, south­west end of Lake Athabaska. One of the most populous of the far northern stations. About one hundred orphans are trained here for future colonization work. Alberta, Canada. Chippeway, Fort. On Niagara River, ten miles above Niagara or Newark. New York. Chipola, Fort. Temporary fort established in Florida War. Florida. Chiswell, Fort. (1760.) On west bank near source of New River, Virginia. Chokkonikla, Fort. Temporary fort near mouth of Payne's Creek, established in Florida War. Florida. Christina, Fort. Built in 1638 by Swedish Fur Traders on present site of Wilmington. Delaware. Christina, Fort. (About 1750.) "50 miles southwest of Philadelphia." Delaware. Christmas, Fort. Temporary fort midway on the road be­tween Fort McNiel and Fort Lane; established in Florida War. Florida. Churchill, Fort. South coast of Hudson Bay. Longitude 94 west; latitude 58.52 north. Mouth of Churchill River. Trading Station. Canada. Churchill, Fort (1860). Military Post. Right bank of Car- AMERICAN POSTS 115 son River, 25 miles from Virginia City. Historical post and stage station. Many buildings on old site. Preserved by a society of interested people of Nevada. Lyon County, Nevada. Cincinnati District Ordnance Office. Cincinnati, Ohio. Citadel, The. Halifax, Nova Scotia. Clagett, Fort. Chouteau County, Montana. Claiborne, Fort. On site of present town Claiborne. Left bank of Alabama River, at the bend, a little below the mouth of Limestone Creek. Monroe County, Alabama. Clark, Camp. Nevada, Missouri. Clark Field. Aviation Field, Camp Stotsenburg, Philippine Islands. Clark, Fort (1813). Where Rock Island depot now stands. Right bank of Illinois River at Peoria. (Old Peoria Fort). Peoria, Illinois. Clark, Fort. Hatteras Inlet. Built by the Conferedates. North Carolina. Clark, Fort (1831). Also spelled Fort Clarke. Right bank of the Missouri, eight miles below the mouth of the Big Knife River at Ree Village. North Dakota. Clark, Fort. At source of Las Moras River, about twenty-five miles from its mouth and 30 miles north of Fort Duncan. This historic post is situated in Kinney County near Brackett-ville, the county seat of Kinney County. It is one hundred and forty miles west of San Antonia, ten miles from Spofford Junc­tion and twenty miles from the Rio Grande. This post was established June 15, 1852. This fort was designed for the pro­tection of the San Antonio and Eagle Pass wagon road and for the protection of the Rio Grande border against depredations by Mexicans and Indians. It was named after Major John B. Clark. It has been garrisoned by many noted officers. A noted military and civic cemetery is located here with many unknown graves. In 1914 two squadrons were stationed here. Ten miles north­west of Spofford, Texas. Also called Fort Clarke. Kinney County, Texas. Clarke, Fort. Temporary fort during Florida War on the left bank of the Ocilla River, ten miles above its mouth. Temporary fort during Florida War, in vicinity of Alachu Prairie, about twelve miles southeast from Newnansville. Florida. Clarke, Fort. Right bank of Lizard River, in Webster County, near its mouth. Iowa. Clarke, Camp. Morrill County, Bayard, Nebraska. Clatsop, Fort (1805-06). Wintering post, Lewis & Clark Expedition at mouth of the Columbia River (south bank). Some distance from river. Flag and marker on site. Near Astoria. Oregon. Clay Camp. Procious, West Virginia. 116 THE UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY Clayton, Fort-Miraflores Dump. On the Pacific side of the Panama Canal. Canal Zone. Cleveland District Ordance Office. Cleveland, Ohio. Clinch Fort. At mouth of St. Mary's River, near St. Marys, Nassau County. Northern extremity of Amelia Island, Cumber­land Sound at entrance to St. Mary's River, north of Fernandina. Florida. Clinch, Fort. Near Pensacola, fourteen miles from Barrancas, Florida. Clinch, Fort. Right bank of the Withlacoochee River, eight miles above its mouth. The Withlacoochee river divides Citrus and Levy counties at this point. Florida. Clinch, Fort. Temporary fort, sixty-two miles east of Tampa Bay, on the northwestern end of Lake Locha Popka. Florida. Clinton, Castle. Battery at the southern extremity of New York City, called "Castle Garden." New York. Clinton, Fort. Right bank of Hudson River, "six miles below West Point." This fort was built during the Revolution­ary War with the idea of making the river impassable for the British fleet in 1777. Forts Clinton and Montgomery were on the west bank of the Hudson River, one on either side of a small stream. New York. Clover Field (Ninth Corps Area). Aviation Field. Santa Monica, California. Cobb, Fort. Caddo County (Indian Territory). Junction of Pond Creek and Washita River. Oklahoma. Cock Hill, Fort. Left bank of the Hudson in the extreme northern limits of New York City. New York. Cody, Camp. Deming, New Mexico. Coffee, Fort-(Indian Territory). Swallow Rock, on the Arkansas River, twelve miles southwest of Fort Smith. Okla­homa. Col. Fur Company Post (1822). Minnesota. Col. Fur Company Post. South Dakota. Coldwater, Camp. See Fort Snelling. Minnesota. Collins, Fort. Original site of post near Laporte, Colorado. Moved to present site of Fort Collins account of high water of Cache la Poudre River. Near present site of Union Pacific depot, Fort Collins, Colorado. Colorado, Camp. Near Colorado River, on road from Forts Mason and Belknap. Coleman, Coleman County, Texas. Colt, Camp. Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Columbia Barracks. Right bank of Columbia River (now called Fort Vancouver.) Washington. Columbia, Fort. Opposite Fort Stevens at the mouth of Columbia River. Oregon. AMERICAN POSTS 117 Columbia, Fort (1825). Same site as Fort Vancouver (1825-62). Hudson's Bay Company Post. Washington. Columbus Arsenal. Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio. Columbus, Fort. Governor's Island, New York Harbor. (See Fort Jay, also Governor's Island). New York. Columbus General Reserve Depot. Seven miles east of Columbus, Ohio. Colville, Fort. (Site selected in 1825, buildings erected in 1826). The Hudson's Bay Company had no posts west of the Rocky Mountains prior to 1821. In that year the old Hudson's Bay Company was amalgamated with the Northwest Company; the new merger took the name of the Hudson's Bay Company. The Hudson's Bay Company was chartered by Charles II of England. It was a great monopoly and exercised despotic but usually wise control. . In 1824 the Hudson's Bay Company sent Doctor John McLoughlin to the Columbia River region as Chief Factor. He established his headquarters at Vancouver (Wash­ington). After looking over the ground he decided to abandon Spokan House and establish a new post further north. He chose as a .site for Fort Colville a beautiful plain overlooking the Columbia River near Kettle Falls. It was named in honor of Lord Colville, who was at that time Governor-in-Chief of the Hudson's Bay Company's Territories in North America. This post was second in importance only to the post at Vancouver, and a receiving point and outfitting point for the great trapping areas of the north. After American occupation it constituted a base for military expeditions, mining outfits and travelers. Fort Colville was visited in 1841 by Sir George Simpson, then Gov­ernor- in-Chief of the Hudson's Bay Company. Simpson was at that time on his "Journey Around the World." Archibald Mc­Donald was the Chief Trader and Chief Factor of the post at that time. Simpson was entertained royally by Chief Factor Mc­Donald. Simpson had just treminated a laborious journey of over two thousand miles on horseback across plains, mountains and forests being in the saddle about lP/i hours a day and as high as 50 miles were made in one day. Simpson expressed his gratitude as follows: "Just fancy, at the base of the Rocky Mountains a roasted turkey, a suckling pig, new bread, fresh butter, eggs, ale, etc. * * * No wonder that some of our party ate more than was good for them." Simpson found a large farm with barns, stables, field of wheat, corn, potatoes, peas, oats, barley, turnips, melons and cucumbers and so forth; also cattle grazing on ranges beyond the fences. Eighty men, whites and savages, arrayed in their 'Sunday's best' received Simpson at the gate. The fort was of large size and made of wood. Houses were built of cedar. It stood about a mile from the nearest point of the Columbia and about two miles from Chau- 118 THE UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY diere Falls. Kettle Falls was called Chaudiere Fall's at that time. Salmon were so abundant at the falls that as many as a thousand, weighing upwards of forty pounds, were caught in one day with a single basket. Basket fishing may be seen at Kettle Falls at present, 1928. A grist mill was attached to the establishment in 1841 and an excellent quality of bread was made from the flour produced there. The journey was resumed below Chaudiere Falls. The canoe in which Governor Simpson rode was propelled by six oarsmen and the crew covered more than 100 miles in 15 hours. In later years the most distinguished resident of Fort Colville was Ranald MacDonald. Fort Col­ville was visited in the summer of 1890 by Elizabeth B. Custer, widow of General George A. Custer. At that time the block­house was still in existence and there were port holes for muskets and a large opening for a gun. A broken half of a small verdigris covered cannon, said to have been brought from the battle field of Quebec, was shown to the visitors by Mac- Donald. Fathers Blanchet and De Smet worked in this sec­tion. Father De Smet obtained wheat, oats and potatoes at Colville which.he carried to Montana to begin farming opera­tions there. In 1845 Father Ravalli erected a small chapel north of the fort and in 1847 Father Devost opened a mission here. This old Catholic mission, or one of later date, may be seen near the road north of the site of old Fort Colville. There were in 1925 a few buildings, near the river, apparently stables and supply houses, formerly belonging to the post. Twelve miles northwest of Colville, Stevens County, Washington. Colville, Fort. Military post, 1859-1872. In 1859 George B. McClelland, then a Captain of engineers in the United States Army, accompanied by two companies of infantry under Cap­tains Frazer and Archer, left The Dalles, Oregon, on a trip to the north. McClelland was later Commanding General of the Army of the Potomac and Frazer and Archer were afterwards Generals in the Confederate Army. A site for a post was selected three miles northeast of the present town of Colville. The post was named Fort Colville in honor of the Hudson's Bay Post. Gold was discovered in different parts of the section from 1855 to 1858. Indians were troublesome and military posts were established for the protection of miners and settlers. The post was established in June 1859. In the autumn of 1862 the regular troops stationed at Fort Colville (village nearby called Pinkney City) were called east to assist in the War of the Rebellion. Two companies were recruited in San Francisco to take the place of those who left the post at Fort Colville. Major Curtis was in command at first but was shortly afterwards replaced by Major Rumells. The San Francisco troops were on duty until after the close of the war after which the post was again gar- AMERICAN POSTS 119 risoned by regular troops. There is at present a cemetery at the Military Fort Colville in which are buried a number of soldiers and civilians. The parade ground is across the road from the cemetery. Some of the foundations of the military post may be discerned. Near Colville, Stevens County, Washington. Comstock, Fort. One of the defenses of Knoxville, north boundary of the city. Tennessee. Conant, Fort. Western side of Gloucester Harbor, at "Stage Head." Massachusetts. Concho, Camp. Right bank of Salt Fork, seventeen miles, from its mouth on the Concho River. San Angelo, Tom Green County, Texas. Conde, de la Mobile. Northern extremity of Mobile Bay, longitude 35.30 west; latitude 29.51 north. Alabama. Conde, Fort. An old fort at Mobile. Also called Fort Char­lotte. Now Mobile. Alabama. Confederation, Foxt. Also known as Fort Tombecbee. In Sumter County, right bank of Tombigbee at Jones' Bluff. Alabama. Conger, Fort. A signal station erected in 1882 by the Greely expedition on Lady Franklin Bay in Grinnell Land (West of Greenland, separated from the latter by the Kennedy Channel.) Canada. Connah, Fort (1847). Hudson's Bay Company. Montana. Connor, Fort. Named for General Patrick E. Connor. Fort Connor was later called Fort Reno. Johnson County, Wyoming. Conrad, Fort. Present town of Conrad is in Teton County on a railroad a little south of Marias. River. The Marias River flows into the Missouri below Fort Benton. Site in this section. Montana. Conrad, Fort. Valverde, Socorro County, New Mexico. Constitution, Fort. Right bank of entrance to Portsmouth Harbor. Opposite Fort McClary. Three miles southeast of Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Constitution, Fort. Left bank of Hudson River, opposite West Point. New York. Conti, Fort. See Fort Niagara. New York. Cook, Fort. On Missouri River near Fort Clagett. Montana. Cooke, Camp. Right bank of Missouri River, mouth of the Judith. Montana. Cooper, Camp. Adjacent to the left bank of Clear Fork of Brazos River, five miles east of the mouth of Otey's Creek. Texas. Cooper, Fort. Temporary fort thirteen miles south of Clinch's Battle Ground, on the Withlacoochie, established in Florida War. Florida. 120 THE UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY Corcoran, Fort. One of the defenses of Washington, D. C, south of the Potomac. Virginia. Cornwallis, Fort. Near Augusta, Georgia, where St. Paul's Church now stands. Georgia. Corozal, Post of. Forty-four miles southeast of Colon, three miles from Pacific terminal of Panama Canal. Canal Zone. Cottonwood Springs, Fort. This post was located on the . south side of the Platte River, near Cottonwood Springs. It was established February 20, 1866, by Major S. W. O'Brien of the 7th Iowa Calvary. It was later called Fort McPherson after Major-General James B. McPherson. Nebraska. Coulonge, Fort. Quebec, Canada. Courchesne, Camp. Discontinued at early date. Location not known. (Miscellaneous). Cove Fort. Cove Fort was erected by the Mormons in 1867 to protect settlers in this section against Indians. The fort is square. There are a number of houses inside the fort. The roofs of the houses slope towards the interior; the walls of the fort form the back walls of the houses. In 1922 there were three big cottonwood trees inside the fort and five immediately outside. A well inside the fort furnished water to occupants in case of a siege. Cove Creek runs around the front and right side of the fort. The old doors in the front of the fort were made of wood. The door frames were made of heavy _timbers with planks nailed on either side of the uprights. The space between the planks was filled with sand. These large doors have been removed and stand inside the fort at present. The large space occupied by the doors has been boarded up, smaller doors replacing them. Cove Fort formerly belonged to Mr. Kessler; it was the ranch house for Cove Fort Ranch. Cove Fort is on the main highway between Fillmore, the first capital of Utah, and Beaver. It is in an excellent state of preservation and has been set apart as a landmark. Millard County, Utah. Covington, Fort. East ofBaltimore on point into Patapsco River. Patapsco River near Fort McHenry. Forts Covington and McHenry commanded the passage from the Patapsco into the harbor of Baltimore. Covington, Fort. (Effaced). Left bank of Salmon River, at French Mills. The Army of the North remained at Fort Covington during the winter of 1813-14. Franklin County, New York. Covington Center, Fort. Franklin County, New York. Craig, Fort'. Right bank of Rio Grande, eight miles below Fort Conrad and near Val Verde. San Marcial, Socorro County, New Mexico. Craig, Fort. One of the defenses of Washington, south of the Potomac. Virginia. AMERICAN POSTS 121 Cralo, Fort. Erected in 1642. Now Van Rensselaer Place on the east side of the Hudson River, two miles below (south) of Albany, with which it is connected by three bridges. It is an old brick house with a modern Mansard roof and a flag-staff. It was here that Richard Schuckburg, a surgeon of the British Army, wrote Yankee Doodle in 1757. It is now preserved as a national memorial. New York. Crane, Fort. Temporary fort near the head of Lake Pithlo-choco, about seven miles north of Micanopy, established in Florida War. Florida. Crawford, Fort. Short distance southeast of Brewton, Es­cambia County, Alabama. Crawford, Fort. United States military post between Mont­rose and Ouray, Colorado. (10 miles from Montrose and 26 miles from Ouray). Baedeker mentions this post-on same site or near Fort Uncompahgre. Colorado. Crawford, Fort. Temporary fort on the left bank of Mana­tee River, seventeen miles from Fort Hamer, established in Florida War. Florida. Crawford, Fort. Military (1819). Near Prairie du Chien, established in 1710. Left bank of Mississippi River, near Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin. Creek, Camp. Flayden, Leslie County, Kentucky. Creek, Camp. Argo, Pike County, Kentucky Creek, Camp. Manhattan, Gallatin County, Montana. Creek, Camp. Connelly's Springs,, Burke County, North Carolina. Creek Camp. Floyd County, Virginia. Creek, Camp. Mercer County, West Virginia. Crevecoeur, Fort. Coast of West Florida in St. Joseph's Bay, longitude 85.30 west; latitude 29.51 north. Florida. Crevecoeur, Fort. This fort was built in 1679 by La Salle and his companions. The fort stood near the present site of Peoria. When La Salle returned to this post in 1681 he found the fort in ruins. Illinois. Crissy Field. A sub-post of Presidio of San Francisco, California. Crittenden, Fort. Cedar Valley, forty-four miles southwest of Salt Lake City. (Formerly Camp Floyd.) Present site, of Fairfield. Military cemetery near old site. "Johnston's Army" was stationed here from 1858 to 1861. Utah. Crockett, Fort. Southeast of and adjacent to Galveston, Texas. Crockett, Fort Davy. Northwestern part of Utah. Daggett County near Bridgeport. Utah. Croghan, Fort. "Left bank of Missouri River, near Council Bluffs." No buildings erected; temporary post. Iowa. 122 THE UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY Croghan, Fort. Right bank of Hamilton Creek, 14 miles from its mouth, Texas. Crook, Fort. Right bank of Fall River, 7 miles north of Pitt River Ferry. California. Crook, Fort. Eleven miles south of Omaha, Nebraska. On the Burlington and Missouri Pacific Railways. In 1914 this fort was garrisoned by detachment of infantry. Nebraska. Crook, Camp. Harding County, South Dakota. Crooks-McLellan Post. West bank of Missouri River, just above Fort Sully on opposite side of river. South Dakota. Cross, Fort. Temporary fort established in Florida War, 21 miles S. W. from Fort Armstrong, and 19 miles N. W. from Fort Dade. Florida. Cross, Fort. Palm Point, on the Gulf Coast, N. W. from Cape Sable, near Old Fort Poinsett. Florida. Cross, Redoubt. One of the defenses of Washington, D. S., north of the Potomac. Maryland. Crown Point, Fort. Lake Champlain, New York. Cuartel de Espana-Headquarters of Post of Manila. Manila, Luzon, Philippine Islands. Cuartel de Infanteria. Manila, Luzon, Philippine Islands. Culonge, Fort. This may be the same as Fort Coulonge of Quebec. Culonge is given as 170 miles west of Montreal. Canada. Cumberland, Fort. At end of Bay of Funday in Nova Scotia 20 miles north of Halifax. Canada. Cumberland, Fort. Located on the Potomac^ River. Cum­berland. This fort was visited by Braddock and his troops on the expedition west. "General Braddock was carried to Fort Cumberland to die after his defeat by the French and Indians in 1755, being mortally wounded at the time." Maryland. Cummings, Fort. Temporary fort established in Florida War, midway between Forts Davenport and Sullivan. Florida. Cummings, Fort. Cook's Springs, eastern end of Cook's Canyon. Deming, Grant County, New Mexico. Curry, Camp. Yosemite National Park, California. Curtis Bay Ordnance Reserve Depot. Seven miles south of Baltimore, Maryland. Curtis, Camp. Bear, Beauregard County, Iowa. Curtiss Elmwood Air Reserve Depot-Troops: Discon­tinued. Maryland. Custer, Camp. Four miles west of Battle Creek, Michigan. Custer, Fort. Military (1878). Crow Agency, Rosebud County, Montana. D. A. Russell, Fort. Fort D. A. Russell is a large post. The buildings are of brick with wooden porches painted white. AMERICAN POSTS 123 At the entrance to the post are two signs as follows: "U. S. Military Reservation Fort D. A. Russell. Established in 1867 as a frontier post for the protection of settlers and the working force on the Union Pacific Railroad against roving bands of Indians. Campaigns against the 'Bannocks,' 'Cheyennes,' 'Nez Perces' and 'Sioux' were conducted from this post in the early days," and "This post was named in honor of General D. A. Russell who saved the 6th Army Corps from destruction during the Civil War. He was killed in action at Opequon, Va., September 18, 1864." Successor of Camp Carlin, nearby. About two miles from Cheyenne, Wyoming. Dacotah, Fort. (Dakota). Left bank of big Sioux River at Sioux Falls, Dakotah (South Dakota). Dade, Fort. Left bank of the Withlacoochee, on the road south, and 13 miles from Dade's Battle Ground, temporarily-occupied in Florida War. Florida. Dade, Fort. Thirty-five miles southwest of Tampa, Florida. Daer (Selkirks) Fort (1812-23). Close to Canadian line. North Dakota. Dale, Fort. North part of Butler County, Alabama. Dale, Fort. Fort Dale, Rutland County, Vermont. Dallas, Fort. On key, Biscayne Bay on left bank of Miami River at its mouth. Florida. Dalles, Fort. Left bank of the Columbia River, at the "Dalles." Oregon. Darien, Fort. In the Colonial History of Georgia, Lib. of American History, page 292 is the following: "With a number of his Highland soldiers, Oglethrope made an exploratory voyage among the islands along the coast. Frederica was founded on St. Simon's Island, where a fort was erected.-The town was named New Inverness, and the fort, Darien." Georgia. Davis, Camp. Macon County, Alabama. Davis, Fort. A garrison post of two companies. The post is located three miles east of Nome. Alaska. Davis, Fort. One of the defenses of Washington, east of the eastern Branch. Washington, District of Columbia. Davis, Fort. At the sources (in the forks) of Limpia (Limbia) River, tributary of the Rio Pecos, thirty-seven miles north of San Estavan and four hundred and seventy-five miles northwest of San Antonio, Jeff Davis County, Texas. Davis, Fort. One of the Rebel defenses before Petersburg. Virginia. Davis, Fort William D. Near Gatun, Canal Zone. Davis, Redoubt. One of the defenses of Washington, D. C, north of the Potomac, formerly Fort Alexander. Maryland. Davison, Fort. One of the Rebel defenses before Peters­burg. (Possibly same as Fort Davis, above). Virginia. 124 THE UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY Dearborn, Fort. The site of this fort is commemorated by a tablet on the Wrigley Building. Fort Dearborn was built on the present site of Chicago in 1804 and 1805. It is well known from a massacre which occurred nearby (marked by a monument) on August 15, 1812. Captain Nathan Heald left the fort with sixty-seven men and about thirty settlers intending to go to Detroit. The Company was under the escort of a body of Miami Indians. At a short distance from the fort they were attacked by an am­bushed force of five hundred Indians assisted by the escorts. About two-thirds of the Company were killed and the rest cap­tured. The fort was destroyed on the following day, rebuilt in 1816, evacuated in 1823, reoccupied in 1828, and demolished in 1856. Chicago, Illinois. Dearborr (Dearborn?), Fort. Temporary fort established in Florida War, thirteen miles southwest from Fort Floyd, Georgia. Decatur, Fort. Left bank of the Tallapoosa River-about three miles below the mouth of the Ufoupee (Ujoupee) Creek. Macon County. (About ten miles west of Tuskagee). Alabama. Defiance, Fort. Apache County, Arizona. Defiance, Fort. Navajo country in Canyon Bonito, one hundred eighty miles west of Santa Fe. New Mexico. Defiance, Fort. Rehoboth, McKinley County, New Mexico. Defiance, Fort. Junction of Auglaize River and the "Miama of the Lake." On the Maumee River at its junction with the Au-glaize, fifty miles southwest of Fort Meigs. Built by Gen­eral Anthony Wayne in the summer of 1794. Ohio. Defiance, Fort (1845). Same as Fort Bouis. West bank of Missouri River below Fort George. South Dakota. Defiance, Fort. Augusta County, Virginia. Defiance, Fort. Fayette County, West Virginia. Defiance, Fort. At Parkinson's Farm, five miles southwest of Mineral Point. Built during Black Hawk War. Wisconsin. De Kaib, Fort. One of the defenses of Washington, D. C, south of the Potomac (now Fort Strong). Virginia. Delafield Battery. South end of Folly Island, Stono Inlet, five miles below Charleston Harbor. South Carolina. Delaware, Fort. Pea Patch Island, Delaware River, op­posite Delaware City. One mile east of Fort Dupont, Delaware. This post was located on Pea Patch Island, in the Delaware River one and one-eighth miles from the Delaware shore, one mile from the New Jersey shore and forty-two miles below Philadelphia. Work on the fortifications first directed here, was begun by Captain Clark in 1814. Work was continued through '31, '34, '36, '39, and later. Pea Patch Island prison camp for Confederate prisoners was maintained here during the Civil War. Delaware. AMERICAN POSTS 125 Delaware Ordnance Reserve Depot. In New Jersey, six miles northeast of Wilmington, Delaware. Fredricktown, New Jersey. De Lesseps, Fort (P. C. Dept.) One of the newer army posts of the United States. Fort De Lesseps is about half way between Fort Sherman and Fort Randolph. Canal Zone. De Maurepas, Fort. Biloxi Bay. Now called Fort Biloxi. Established by the French. Mississippi. De Monville, Fort. See Fort Niagara, New York. Dennison, Camp. Hamilton County, Ohio. Deposit, Camp. Lowndes County, Alabama. Deposit, Fort. In southern part of Lowndes County on Louisville and Nashville Railroad. Alabama. Deposit, Fort. Grant Marshall County, Alabama. De Russy, Fort. One of the defenses of Washington, north of Potomac. District of Columbia. De Russy, Fort. (Hawaiian Dept.) Four miles from Hono­lulu, Hawaii. De Russy, Fort. Right bank of Red River near present site of Alexandria. Some 50 miles above the junction of the Red River with the Mississippi. Louisiana. De Soto, Fort. Tampa, Florida. Des Moines, Fort. At junction of Des Moines and Rac­coon Rivers. (Old description, referring to old fort). South of and five miles distant from Des Moines. This post is of modern construction throughout. It is usually garrisoned by an entire regiment of cavalry. Seventh Corps area. Iowa. Des Trembles, Fort (1794). Minnesota. Detroit Arsenal. Dearbornville, on Rouge River, ten miles from Detroit. Michigan. Detroit Barracks. "Detroit City," on right bank of Detroit River. Michigan. Detroit District Ordnance Office. Detroit, Michigan. Detroit, Fort. Name given on maps but do not find any­thing authentic regarding a post of this particular name. Ref­erence to this fort is made in Foster's History of the United States, published by the State of Kansas, Topeka, 1917, giving date of building as 1701, see page 108. Detroit was founded in 1701. Various forts at Detroit. Detroit, Michigan. Devens, Camp. One mile south of Ayer, Massachusetts. De Vereches, Fort. Received its name from a French lady who defended the fort against the Iroquois Indians in 1690. Canada. Deynaud, Fort. Left bank of Caloosahatchie River, five miles from its source and twenty-seven miles northeast from Forty Myers. Florida. Diablo, Camp. Canal Zone. 126 THE UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY Diamond, Fort. Was first called, then named Fort La­fayette. Near Fort Hamilton. Narrows entrance to New York Harbor. (Now Fort Lafayette). New York. Diamond Grove, Fort. Short distance northeast of Platts-ville. (Black Hawk War). Wisconsin. Dick, Fort. Del Norte County, California. Dickens, Fort. A sub-post of Fort Barrancas (q. v.). See also Fort McRae. Florida. Dickerson, Fort. One of the defenses of Knoxville, south of the Holston River. Tennessee. Dickson's Post (1806). East bank of Mississippi River. Minnesota. Dickson's Post (1835). East bank of Missouri River. South Dakota. Disappointment, Fort Cape. Mouth of Columbia River, oc­cupied by a Battery. (Name changed to Forty Canby). Wash­ington. Dix, Camp. One-half mile southwest of Wrightstown. New Jersey. Dixon's Fort. Present town of Dixon, Lee County, Illinois. Doane, Fort. Temporary fort on the outskirts of Big Cy­press Swamp ; established in Florida War. Florida. Dobbs, Fort. This fort was located not far below the forks of the Yadkin. North Carolina. Doddridge, Camp. Doddridge County, West Virginia. Dodge, Camp. Eleven and a half miles north of Des Moines. Iowa. Dodge, Fort. Left bank of Des Moines River, in Webster County nearly opposite the mouth of Lizard River (now a town of that name). Iowa. Dodge, Fort. Left bank of the Arkansas River, one hundred fifteen miles east from Fort Aubrey and fifty-five miles south­west from Fort Larned. Original site of post aboutfive miles from present town, same name. Ford County, Kansas. Donelson, Fort. Near Fort Henry, Stewart County. This fort was captured by General Grant and Commodore Foote on February 6, 1862. Left bank of Cumberland River, near Dover. Ellis's Library of American History, page 916, in relating events of the year 1862 of the Civil War, says: "Eastern Kentucky was under Union control, but the Confederates had a strong grip upon the Western Portion. Their line extended from Bowl­ing Green on the right to Columbus on the left. The whole line was commanded by Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston, who had im­proved his naturally strong position by building two forts- Fort Henry on the right bank of the Tennessee in Kentucky, and Fort Donelson on the left bank of the Cumberland, just AMERICAN POSTS 127 within the limits of Tennessee." (See Fort Henry). (Con­federate Work). Tennessee. Doniphan, Camp. Ft. Sill, Oklahoma. Dorr Field. Eleven and three-quarter miles east of Arcadia, Florida. Douglas (Eighth Corps Area). On Mexican Border, Arizona- Douglas, Camp. At Springfield; established during Re­bellion. Illinois. Douglas, Camp. At Fort Douglas. "Three miles east of Salt Lake City." Utah. Douglas, Camp. Camp Douglas, Wisconsin. Douglas, Fort. Johnson County, Arkansas. Douglas, Fort (1812). This was presumably a Red River Settlement. Ranald MacDonald in footnote, page 114, mentions Reverend John West arriving at the post on October 14, 1820, to act as Chaplain to the Hudson's Bay Company. This fort was located near Red River Settlement and was established some time prior to 1820. Canada. Douglas, Fort. This post was established by Colonel Patrick E. Connor in October, 1862. Colonel Connor brought in 1000 infantry, 500 cavalry, a battery of artillery and about 200 wagons. Colonel Connor organized an expedition from here against the Indians in 1863, starting from this post for Bear River. The post was named in honor of Stephen A. Douglas. On bench east of Salt Lake City. Detention Camp during World War. Utah. Downing, Fort. Temporary fort established in Florida War. Near the right bank of the Suwanee, nine miles from mouth of Santa Fe River. Florida. Drane, Fort. South of Micanopy; temporary fort estab­lished in Florida War. Fairfield, Marion County, Florida. Drum, Barracks. Near Wilmington. (Sometimes called Camp Drum). California. Drum, Camp. (See Fort Dalles, also Drum Barracks). Oregon. (To be Continued) BOOK REVIEW By Albert F. Philips Francis Drake and other early Explorers Along the Pacific Coast is the title of a most interesting volume pertaining to the early history of the Pacific slope by Dr. John W. Robertson. The volume is in five sections beginning with Cortes, the Discoverer; Indians of the California; Jesuit Survey of Baja California; Drake's Voyage in the South Sea; and the Harbor of St. Francis. There is an appendix 128 THE UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY which gives Hakluyt's account of Drake's voyage from Guatulco to the coast of California, his landing in a good bay near 38 degree, his exploration of the interior together with his annexation of this coun­try. The narrative is a reprint of the six leaves surreptitiously in­serted, says Dr. Robertson, in the year 1589, its author being un­known. There is also a narrative extracted from the world encom­passed which covers this same period of Drake's voyage; to which is added extracts from the first and second declaration of John Drake given before Vera Y. Aragon of Santa Fe, and the inquisition at Lima. Geographical changes in the maps of the world following the discovery of Columbus and the Spanish Settlement of New Spain; the discovery of the Pacific Ocean and the explorations made by Cortes to find the Indian shore, together with Ulloa's exploration of the gulf of California and his discovery that Baja California was a part of the mainland; also a relation of the original use of the word "Cali­fornia" and the origin of this name, are treated in the first section. In section two is given a description of the Indians found in the Channel Islands and along the coasts of the gulf of California, their traditions, mores and civilization; together with an account of the exploration of Cabrillo and Ferelo who explored the Pacific coast of the Californias as far north as 34 degrees and further discoveries along the coast in north latitude and the search for the harbor of Saint Francis. Jesuit survey of California and discoveries along the coast of the gulf of California is treated in the third section and points out that these discoveries demonstrated the connection between Baja California and Sonora where they established missions and explored the country north to San Diego and east as far as the Moquis. Drake's famous voyage in the South sea is detailed in the Fourth section "which voyage was fitted out and personally directed by Queen Elizabeth, partly as an exploring expedition to search for a strait that was supposed to connect the Pacific with Hudson's Bay in the Atlantic; also an account of Drake's execution of Doughty, his passage through the straits of Magellan, his capture of Spanish Ships, his raid on the cities of New Spain and his reception by Queen Eliz­abeth." This voyage is treated at length and new light on the expedition is given. Drake's landing near latitude 38 is treated in the fifth section "where he finds a fair and good bay and spends six weeks in refitting the golden Hinde and exploring the adjacent country, annexing it to England under the name Nova Albion; together with a relation of the efforts of certain historians to locate the harbor of St. Francis and a critical summary of the arguments on which they based their various selections." The printing and binding are very fine and artistic, done by the Grabhorn Press of San Francisco. Utah State Historical Society BOARD OF CONTROL (Terms Expiring April 1, 1929) J. CECIL ALTER, Salt Lake City JOEL E. RICKS, Logan D. W. PARRATT, Salt Lake City PARLEY L. WILLIAMS, Salt Lake City ALBERT F. PHILIPS, Salt Lake City (Terms Expiring April 1, 1931) GEORGE E. FELLOWS, Salt Lake City WILLIAM J. SNOW, Provo HUGH RYAN, Salt Lake City LEVI E. YOUNG, Salt Lake City FRANK K. SEEGMILLER, Salt Lake City EXECUTIVE OFFICERS 192S-1929 ALBERT F. PHILIPS, President J. CECIL ALTER, Secretary-Treasurer Librarian and Curator Editor in Chief WILLIAM J. SNOW, Vice President All Members, Board of Control, Associate Editors MEMBERSHIP Paid memberships at the required fee of $2 a year, will include current subscriptions to the Utah Historical Quarterly. Non-members and institutions may receive the Quarterly at $1 a year or 35 cents per copy; but it is preferred that residents of the State become active members, and thus participate in the deliberations and achievements of the Society. Checks should be made payable to the Utah State Historical Society and mailed to the Secretary-Treasurer, 131 State Capitol, Salt Lake City, Utah. CONTRIBUTIONS The Society was organized essentially to collect, disseminate and preserve important material pertaining to the history of the State. To effect this end, contributions of writings are solicited, such as old diaries, journals, letters and other writings of the pioneers; also original manuscripts by present day writers on any phase of early Utah history. Treasured papers or manuscripts may be printed in faithful detail in the Quarterly, without harm to them, and without permanently removing them from their possessors. Contributions and correspondence should be addressed to the Editor, Utah Historical Quarterly, 131 State Capitol, Salt Lake City, Utah.