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Show 1892. | MR. F. E. BEDDARD ON ANTHROPOID APES. 119 History Museum possessed skins and skeletons of this Anthropoid which were obtained from M. D u Chaillu ; a comparison of these with the skin and skeleton of " Sally " showed that the Chimpanzee which lived for so many years (from 1883 to 1891) in the Society's Gardens was undoubtedly referable to D u Chaillu's Troglodytes calvus. The late Dr. Gray had refused to admit the validity of this species ; but the present paper afforded additional reasons for accepting Troglodytes calvus as a distinct form of Chimpanzee, not synonymous with the T. tschego of Duvernoy. The animal was unfortunately so diseased that the viscera could not be satisfactorily studied ; the bones, too, exhibited pathological appearances, so that the supposed differences in the skulls of T. calvus and T. niger must probably be liberally discounted. The animal had acquired the permanent incisors and bicuspids of the upper jaw; the first molar being the only one of the molar series which was in place. The canines were a long way from their definitive position, and protruded through the bone. In the lower jaw the only representatives of the milk-dentition which had not been replaced were the canines. The condition of the teeth, were their possessor a human being, would suggest the age to have been between ten and eleven years : this was in all probability the age of the Chimpanzee. The muscular anatomy did not, as might be expected, show many differences from the common Chimpanzee, T. niger. At present it was impossible to state how far even these slight differences might be individual. Although so many anatomists- Briihl, Bischoff, Humphrey, Macalister, Sutton, Chapman, Vrolik, Gratiolet, and Alix, &c.-had recorded their dissections of T. niger, the normal muscular structure of even that species was not yet beyond dispute. And as the present paper contained the only account yet published of the myology of T. calvus, the facts stated must be taken for what they were worth. In the following table the principal differences between Troglodytes calvus and Troglodytes niger were shown (according to Sutton's account of the myology of the latter) : - T. calvus. T. niger. Pect. minor Insertion: coracoid. Insertion: capsule of shoulder-joint. Biceps cruris Ischial head present. Ischial head absent. Soleus from head of fibula only. from upper third of posterior surface of fibula only. Flex, prof . digit attached by a vinculum No such vinculum (?)1. to flex. long, digit. Flex. long, digit supplies digits n., iv., v. supplies digits n., v. Lumbricales three. four. Flex. long. poll. well developed, supplies absent or feebly deve-index and pollex. loped, supplies only pol-lex. Ext.T hmims. v idnicguiltu m, howeveabrs,e inst .st ated by Macalister top orcecsuenrt.. Sutton does not say it is absent; he does not refer to it. |