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Show 278 PROF. HUXLEY ON THE CRANIAL AND [Apr. 6, T A B L E XIX.-Cranial and Dental Measurements o/Lycaon. I. II. III. IV. V. Total length 185 194 203 ... 250 Length of palate 88 91 100 98 100 Breadth , 76 73 09 71 74 Length of basicranial axis ... 63 69 68 71 69 ?2Li '.. 20 20 20 20*5 21 m. 1 i) 15 15 15 16*5 16 Breadtb „ 15*5 15*5 16 ... 16*5 Length of'-^ 7 6 7 7*5 7*5 Breadth „ 9 8 10*5 ... 10 Lengthof 23*5 24 24*5 25 25 m. 1 9*5 10 9 9 11 m. 2 4 4*5 4*2 5 » - m. 3 The Indian Wolf, Lupus pallipes, more nearly approaches the Jackals than any other Old-World Wolf I have seen. But only two skulls of this species have as yet come into m y hands; and though they differ considerably, the chances are greatly against their representing the extremes of variation of the species. When the Canidse of Turkestan are better known than at present, I have little doubt that the inconsiderable break between the Old-World Jackals and Wolves will be filled up. It is obvious that the range of variation of the Eastern is as great as that of the Western Wolves (Table X X . ) ; and I conceive that C. pallipes, C. chanco, and C. laniger must be regarded as mere local varieties of C. lupus, inasmuch as the table shows that the European Wolf (Nos. IL, v., vn., VIII.) includes within its range of variation all the cranial differences presented hy these so-called species. 13. The palseontological history of the Canidoe is, at present, very imperfect • but sufficient has been ascertained to enable us to obtain a general conception of the phylogeny of the group. There is no question that Thooids and Alopecoids similar to those which exist at present inhabited Europe during the Quaternary epoch. Remains of the Dingo have been found in Australian deposits of apparently the same age ; and the explorations of Lund in the Brazilian caves have demonstrated the existence of several forms of Canidse of the existing South-American types-among the rest, of Icticyon, with which I conceive Lund's Speothos must be merged. The Paleeocyon of Lund, a large wolf-like animal with forty-two teeth, but with the second upper molar very small and with the |