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Show 1880.] LEPIDOPTERA F R O M C A N D A H A R . 413 distinct from a common one obtained in Kashmir, which was found on a different species of Euphorbia and was abundant at Goolmurg. " About half the cocoons produced moths in about three weeks after changing; the remainder are still alive in the pupa state (31 st December, 1879). Curiously enough the first larva that changed is among the latter." "Larva 110. About 3" long, at rest. Anterior segments attenuated, not retractile ; skin smooth and soft. "General colour black, with white dots and spots; a subdorsal row of large white roundish spots, one on each segment, either yellow, orange, or red: a dorsal stripe varying in colour, but generally the same as the spiracular blotches; it is, however, sometimes only partially represented, and sometimes absent; when present it is broadest at the interstices, where it sometimes differs in colour from the portions between ; feet, head, back of head, and base of horn either yellow, orange, or red, generally the same as the spiracular blotches and dorsal stripe; horn slightly rough, curved, rather longer than the segments, black, with the rear-base either orange, red, or yellow (being the continuation of the dorsal stripe broken by the horn, and is consequently absent in those which have no dorsal stripe); spiracles white and rather narrow ovals ; head globular; belly pale yellowish green, extending up the interstices to above the spiracles. Candahar, beginning of M a y ; abundant, all sizes. "At the end of M a y most of the larvae found presented a different appearance : the black disappears more or less, and with it many of the small white spots. In some cases the black only remains as a ring round tbe larger white spots ; the ground-colour therefore becomes yellowish green or yellow, varying very considerably; the horn becomes black at the apical half, with the basal half the same colour as the dorsal stripe. " The larvae are therefore exceedingly variable in colouring (the large white spots always remaining the same, however); some specimens are consequently so unlike one another as, at first, to appear different species ; every intermediate form, however, being found, does away with the idea. "The food-plant grows in the nullahs and on the slopes of the rocky hills, is very common but scattered; and almost every plant that now (end of May) has any leaves left on it, has several larvae feeding on it. This larva, like others of the same genus, emits a lasge amount of a green fluid from its mouth on being irritated in the" least for the first time, not often doing it a second time; "Pupa. This species does not change colour when seeking for a suitable place for its cocoon, which is at or near the surface of the ground amongst rubbish, &c." 26. EUSMERINTHUS KINDERMANNI. (Plate XXXIX. figs. 11,12.) Smerinthus kindermanni, Lederer, Verh. zool.-bot. Ver. Wien, ii. pt. 2, p. 92 (1853); Erschoff, Lep. Turk. p. 26. no. 81, tab. ii. fig. 19 (1874). " The larva I found on willow, not common, in June ; it struck |