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Show 282 PROF. HUXLEY ON THE CRANIAL AND [Apr. 6, TABLE XXL- Cranial and Dental Measurements of Cynodictis and Canis. I. II. III. IV. V. Length of palate 42 48 79 72 Breadth „ 29 29 39 41 Lengthof^iii 8 7 13 12*5 14 Breadth , 5 5-5 9 6 10 Lengthof*^i 6 7 ... 9-3 11 Breadth 7*5 8 ... 11 15 Length of ^ 4 5 6*5 6 8 Breadth „ 6*5 6*5 9 7 9*5 Length of 7 9*5 ... 14*5 13-5 " m.l 4 6*5 ... 7*5 m. 2 ,, -, 3 3 ... 4 m. 3 [No. I. Cynodictis leptorhynchus; No. II. Canis vetulus; No. III. Cynodictis gryei; No. IV. Canis azarce; No. V. Cynodictis boriei. The measurements are partly given by M . Filhol and partly taken from his figures.] The skull of Cynodictis boriei is as large as that of an ordinary European Wolf, so that the microdont character is very striking, while the great thickness of the upper sectorial and the large size of the upper molar brings this form still nearer to C. vetulus than to G. azarce. Taking all the facts of the case into consideration, I am disposed not only to agree with the conclusion to which M . Filhol's remarks tend, that Cynodictis lies in the direct line of ancestry of the Canidae, but to suppose that, in skull and teeth, it represents pretty closely the stock from which the branch of the Viverridae has diverged, subsequently to give rise to the Felidae and Hyaenidae. On the other hand, as M . Filhol points out, certain forms of Cynodictis closely approach Amphicyon, a genus in whichr^-, usually aborted in all the existing Thooid and Alopecoid Canidae, is present, though much smaller than - and evidently in course of suppression. In other respects, as in the shortness of -^-4 relatively to ^-, the large size of - relatively to - , and of - = relatively to --., the dentition *c lit . fa- •* /it s 1. of Amphicyon repeats the general characters of that of Cynodictis. None of the varieties of Cynodictis or of Amphicyon exhibits a distinctly lobate form of mandible; nor, so far as I am aware, has any specimen of the latter genus been discovered with more than three molars above and below. Hence, if I am right in supposing that in the dentition of Otocyon we have a representation of the |