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Show 226 MR. F. DAY ON THE FISHES OF AFGHANISTAN. [Apr. 6, Indus, where this fish exists. M'Clelland, however, gives it as C. checkra, and Afghanistan and Punjab examples as identical. Two specimens were sent to Europe, one of which (young) is in the British Museum, and is C. checkra = C. bimaculatus, Bloch, but with a smooth pectoral spine, and may be the Afghan fish as labelled. If so, we have two species of Callichrous in Afghanistan. CIRRHINA LATIA, Ham. Buch. Cyprinusgohama and 1 sada, Ham. Buch. Barbus diplocheilus and Tylognathus barbatulus, Heckel. Gonorhynchus fimbriatus, macro-stomus, and brevis, M'Clelland. Chondrostoma wattanah, Sykes. Crossocheilus rostratus, Giinther. Among Dr. Duke's Quettah fishes are several of this species, but in a very bad state. There are three excellent examples sent by Colonel Miles from Gwadur, 3|, 3\, and 3f inches respectively in length. The upper lip is not so deeply indented as observable in some Himalayan examples; there is only a single pair of rostral barbels, and four and a half rows of scales between the lateral line and the base of the ventral fin. This fish has much the appearance of a Discognathus (which is likewise termed Gonorhynchus by M'Clelland), adhering to stones in the beds of rivers, as I had an excellent opportunity of observing when investigating the fish-fauna of the Beluchistan range of hills. It is subject to numerous modifications; the rudiment of a pad is present behind the lower lip, in the situation where the sucker exists in Discognathus; while the two have the same proportions and the identical number of rays and scales. Consequently one being taken for the other is a not unlikely error. Still, as D. lamta is found from Syria to Abyssinia and through the Himalayas and India, it is to be supposed that it is present in Afghanistan. Cirrhina latia is very generally distributed from Sind throughout India, excepting south of the Kistna river and the Malabar coast. It is common along the Himalayas, where it attains as much as 8 inches in length. It now appears that it extends along the Beluchistan hills to Quetta, and also along the Meckran coast to Gwadur. The genus Scaphiodon of Heckel appears to be well represented, as might have been anticipated, it being a Western Asiatic form which extends along the Meckran coast and the Beluchistan range of hills to the Punjab, Sind, and down the Malabar coast. SCAPHIODON IRREGULARIS, Day. This species I originally obtained in the Beluchistan range of hills, at an elevation of 3500 feet. Among Dr. Duke's fishes I find nine examples of it up to 6| inches in length, thus giving me the opportunity of supplementing my original description. The pharyngeal teeth are plough-shaped, 4, 3, 2 | 2, 3, 4. The gill-rakers are short and somewhat wide apart. Pseudobranchise present. |