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Show 1870.] MR. R. SWINHOE ON CHINESE MAMMALS. 621 27. ERINACEUS ? (Hedgehog.) I have heard of Hedgehogs occurring at Taiwan (Formosa), at Amoy (P. Z. S. 1864, p, 378), and in Hainan (anted, p. 237), but I have never been so fortunate as to procure a specimen from any of these localities. They are common about Peking; and I have lately brought to the notice of this Society the Peking species, and proposed to name it E. dealbatus (anted, p. 450). CARNIVORA. 28. URSUS TIBETANUS, F. Cuvier. (Black Bear.) Helarctos tibetanus, Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1862, p. 351. Ursus formosanus, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 380. The Tibetan Black Bear is found in the mountains of the Shantung promontory; and I procured thence a living specimen, which is now in the Gardens of the Society. But the Black Bear of Formosa I long suspected to be distinct; and a young animal I procured at Taiwan seemed to confirm my view. It had the face as black as the rest of the body, instead of brown as in the individual from Chefoo. The animal from Taiwan also reached England alive, and may be now seen alongside of the other black Bears. Mr. Bartlett tells me he can see no distinction between it and the true Tibetan form. At Taiwan I obtained two flat skins of the Formosan Bear in the adult state ; and these would show that the animal attains a very large size, fully equal to the biggest specimens from the Himalayas ; but my skins exhibit, in addition to the crescentic white patch on the breast, a large round white spot on the belly. This Mr. Bartlett tells me he has also seen in the Bears from India. I procured a good series of the skull of our Bear from the aboriginal tribes of the central mountains, who dedicate them to the Great Spirit of the Chase; and in these I cannot find any noticeable difference from the skulls of the Himalayan species in the British Museum. We must allow, then, that the Formosan Black Bear is simply the Tibetan Bear, which appears also to occur in Hainan, and probably throughout the mountains of China generally. I extract a note ou the Formosan Bear from the 'Taiwanfoo Gazetteer':-"Bears have hair stiff as bristles, and their coat is thick and shaggy ; the arrow's head cannot pierce the body. Their feet are strong, and with their claws they can climb trees, on the summits of which they will sit cross-legged, or they will burrow into the earth and dwell there. People capture them by stratagem. Before they have carried young their bellies contain much suet that is eatable; their paws, however, are the tit-bits (lit. the one of eight pearls). Hashed and roasted, these afford a true relish ; but it is no very easy matter to cook them properly." Brown Bears, or " Men Bears," as the Chinese call them, are said by the natives to occur in the mountains of South China; but 1 have never seen any. In North Chiua, I have been informed by friends, Brown Bears are taken about by showmen, and made to dance and |