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Show 422 MR. A. SANDERS ON THE [June 9, the ligament of Winslow and the popliteal aponeurosis: the one arises from the tendinous intersection in common with the semimembranosus, and is inserted by a long tendon into the external side of the head_of the tibia, between it and the head of the fibula, in immediate contact with the joint; the other arises from ischium, in front of and close to the last, and is inserted by a shorter tendon into the interarticular cartilage of the joint. Semitendinosus arises, in conjunction with semimembranosus, from the tendinous intersection, and is inserted by a broad thin tendon into the head of the tibia. Pelvo-tibialis arises from the edge of the pubis at a point behind the hook-like process of that bone, to which it is attached by a strong aponeurosis, and passing obliquely across the thigh it reaches the popliteal space, where it suddenly becomes tendinous and penetrates the knee-joint, being inserted into the head of the tibia between it and the fibula, external or anterior to the attachment of the section of semimembranosus mentioned above. This appears to correspond in insertion to the muscle called "biceps" by Mr. Mivart; but in this animal it is quite on the ventral aspect of the thigh ; so I have ventured to give it a distinct name. Pectineus arises by a membranous expansion, attached to the anterior point of the ischial symphysis and to the ischio-pubic ligament, and is inserted into the ventral surface of the shaft of the femur, occupying about the middle third. Rectus femoris arises by two heads :-one from the surface of the pubis immediately anterior to the cotyloid cavity, and from the capsule of the hip-joint; and the other from a varying extent of the ilium, in this case from two-thirds of its length. They join together and form a fleshy mass covering the anterior and dorsal surface of the thigh ; the whole is inserted into the tuberosity of the tibia by means of a tendon containing a sesamoid bone. Being unable to decide whether the iliac origin of the muscle represents the gluteus maximus or not, I have preferred to leave the text as it bas been written. Biceps femoris arises from the ilium immediately behind the superior origin of the rectus; it is inserted into the fibula on the proximal side of its central point by a flat tendon, which is covered by the peroneus brevis. Coccygeus.-There are three muscles which have attachments corresponding to this muscle. The one which may be called superior arises from the extremities of the transverse processes of the five anterior caudal vertebrae, and is inserted into the posterior extremity of the ilium ; it has two interdigitations with the first caudal muscle. Coccygeus medius arises from the sides of the six anterior caudal vertebrae ventrad of the transverse processes, and is inserted into the tendinous intersection internal and behind the semitendiuosus, its anterior border forming a straight line from that point to the first caudal vertebra. In the Iguana Mr. Mivart calls this the pyriformis ; but here it has not the slightest attachment to the femur, and so could hardly represent that muscle. |