OCR Text |
Show 1870.] DR. J. MURIE ON SAIGA TARTARICA. 483 attachment must have a powerful influence in fixing the head upon the neck. The pectoralis major is small compared with the p. minor; its origin reaches only to opposite the fourth rib ; and its broad insertion is round the fleshy parts at the head of the humerus. The pectoralis minor is much more elongate, triangular, and stronger than the p. major. It extends backwards to the xiphoid cartilage, and, in partial union on the side of the chest with the latissimus dorsi, proceeds forwards, and is inserted into the head of the humerus above the supraspinatus. As in Ungulata, there is a sterno-scapular muscle present. This, a small fleshy band or slip, arises from the anterior outer side of the manubrium, and, passing outwards, goes between the scapula and head of the humerus, being lost in the tissues superficial to the pectoralis minor. A distinct supracostal, some inches long, lies upcn the first four or five ribs, as in many Ruminants. It is fleshy to the second rib, and broadly tendinous behind that, inclining from without inwards. The serratus magnus is both extensive, thick, and fleshy. It is situated between the seventh rib and the axis, its subscapular fold covering the bone from the vertebral border to its middle. The latissimus dorsi comes from the tenth rib forward, is relatively narrow, and joins, as aforesaid, the pectoralis minor, to be inserted into the humerus. The biceps is single-headed and strong. The brachialis anticus has origin from the post-outer surface of the humeral neck, and, with a moderately fleshy belly, is fixed into the anterior radial head*. The coraco-brachialis is large and fleshy. Origin coracoid process; insertion to middle of humerus. The long narrow deltoid stretches between the lower border of the scapula and the deltoid ridge. The triceps is four-headed; and there is, besides, a band-like slip representing the dorsi-epitrochlear muscle. The scapular head of the triceps is of enormous bulk ; and the dorso-epitrochlear band lies deeply adherent to it. The supraspinatus has a partially double insertion on to the head of the humerus, as in the Giraffe. There is the representative of a cephalo-humeral, which rolls round the head of the humerus, and is inserted between the biceps and brachialis anticus and triceps on the shaft of the bone below the deltoid ridge. The long spinal muscles of the back are remarkably broad, well developed, and fleshy ; the psoas and iliacus moderately so, though wide. There is a thick layer of firm fat overspreading the entire body, but only partially so on the limbs; it lies beneath the extensive muscular panniculus carnosus. The cutaneous panniculus is of moderate thickness, and fleshy chiefly on the side of the body, lt sends a thin slip towards the elbow ; and there is a broad attachment, both into the groin and onwards to the knee-joint. Other muscles have been described, among the organs of generation and laryngeal structures. The remainder of them and the tendons of the limbs were but roughly dissected, as both skeleton and skin had to be prepared for the British Museum. |