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Show 604 DR. J. MURIE ON PHOCA GRCENLANDICA. [Julie 23, Formosa. Sterna, a male. Eyeball dark indigo ; iris dark chestnut. Gizzard empty, collapsed." 32. URIA UMIZUSUME, Temm. & Schleg. F. J. "No. 57- Diver, young male. Nagasaki. 24th February, 1867." 33. PHALERIS TETRACULA (Pall.). "Male. Eye grey. 19 th February, 1865. N. lat. 40°, E. long. 142°. North-east coast of Japan." 6. O n Phoca grcenlandica, Miill.: its Modes of Progression and its Anatomy. By J A M E S M U R I E , M.D., F.L.S., F.G.S., & c , late Prosector to the Society. (Plate XXXII.) Propulsion of mammals on land and on different substances, as is well known, is effected in a variety of ways ; and the parts brought into contact with the solid matter are as diverse. Walking, running, leaping, bounding, bopping, creeping, &c. sufficiently express widely dissimilar modes of progression. Some raise the body in erect or semierect posture, as in Man and Kangaroos ; others, and by far the g'**""-"ter number, carry the body horizontally above, and support it by the feet. Some, as the Sloths, suspend the body, and slowly move along the boughs by successive clutches. As regards the parts in opposition with the object moved on, the palms and soles respectively or together frequently form the fulcrum. The toes of the manus and pes, however, as often alone touch the ground ; but the knuckles, rims of soles, and even tips of claws, as in the Three-banded Armadillo, are, in certain instances, brought into requisition as fulcra. The tail even assists as an occasional basis of support, and in such cases as the Spider Monkeys and Merian Opossum, the body is absolutely hung and swung forwards thereby. But perhaps the oddest kind of movement, and almost sadly ridiculous one, is the shuffling, wriggling, belly-progressive gait of many of the Seal tribe on terra firma. Several writers* have called attention to this peculiarity in the Common Seal, Phoca vitulina, and contrasted it with the very different walk of the other Carnivora. The Sea-lion (Otaria) by the the old Southern voyagers\, and the Walrus (Trichechus) by Arctic travellers']:, have each been described as walking waddling-fashion on all fours; and the living specimens lately in our Gardens have * See the early Anat. Memoirs of the French Acad.; also " Sur les organes du mouvement du Phoque commun," by Duvernoy, Mem. du Museum, 1822, p. 52. t Capt. Cook, the Brothers Foster, Dampier, quoted by Duvernoy (/. c. p. 51), Peron & Lesueur, &c, besides Steller, who describes fully the northern species. | Beechey's Voy. Lament's ' Seasons with the Sea Horses,' &c. |