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Show Table 19 Female Breast Cancer (ICD-9 Codes: 174-175) Age-adjusted Rates per 100,000 Population Incidence Rate Mortality Rate Years Utah US Years Utah US 1966-1970 65.4 - 1966-1970 20.7 - 1971-1973 _. 89.5 1971-1973 - 26.8 1971-1975 73.5 - 1971-1975 22.5 - 1976-1980 74.3 86.3 1976-1980 22.3 26.7 1981-1985 80.8 96.6 1981-1985 21.1 27.1 1986-1988 .. 112.6 1986-1988 - 27.3 1986-1990 92.9 - 1986-1990 21.3 -- Note: Utah has a five-year average reported, while the U.S. has a three-year average for 1971-1975 and 1986-1990. For comparative purposes the U.S. three-year average can be compared to Utah's five-year average, although the rates are not completely comparable. Source: Utah Cancer Registry. (1992, Sept.). Cancer in Utah 1966-1990. Salt Lake City: Author, p. 8. Utah is below the national average in both the incidence of, and deaths from, breast cancer for females (Table 19). The incidence rate of breast cancer for women increased for both Utah and the nation (Figure 16). Utah showed an increase of 42% between 1966 and 1990, while the U.S. increased 26% between 1971 and 1988. Despite the increase in the incidence rate of breast cancer, deaths have remained fairly constant for both Utah and the U.S. (Figure 17). The Cancer Registry concludes that this is probably due to increased detection at an earlier age, and improved treatment.1 According to the Cancer Registry, most causes of breast cancer are unknown, although diet, Figure 16_______________________________________ genes, and hormones may influence risks. Early pregnancies apparently reduce the risk of female breast cancer. Because Utah has a higher fertility rate than the U.S., this may help explain why Utah's breast cancer rate is below the national average.1 Breast cancer death rates can be reduced by early detection. Community screening programs can help detect breast cancer at an earlier stage, thus lowering the death rate. Screening programs utilize specially trained registered nurses who teach women in the community how to protect themselves from breast cancer by having yearly breast examinations, getting screening mammograms, and doing monthly self examinations.2 Figure 17_______________________________________ Female Breast Cancer Incidence S3 Utah DUS 120 j i i 1971- 1976-1975 1980 1981-1985 1986-1990 Female Breast Cancer Mortality Utah DUS 30 t I 1976- 1981- 1986- 1980 1985 1990 1 Source: Utah Cancer Registry. (1992, Sept.). Cancer in Utah 1966-1990. Salt Lake City: Author, p. 8. ^Source: Utah Department of Health, Conununity Health Services. (1991). Communitv Health Services Division Update. Salt Lake City: Author, p. 4. Utah's Health: An Annual Review 1993 19 |
