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Show marketing responsibilities in the basin, as well as functions of the Geological Survey, Fish and Wild- life Service, and the National Park Service. The Federal Power Commission investigates basin pro- grams and issues licenses to insure that projects will best meet the needs of hydroelectric power and related water uses. It has prepared a power market survey for the region to show the use and value of potential power projects in the area. The Public Health Service has programs relating to water sup- ply and pollution abatement. State agencies concerned with agriculture, for- ests, minerals, highways, parks, public health, con- servation, industry, and planning for resources de- velopment also have responsibilities. Because there are many agencies with specific programs related to resources development and use, the need for coordination of planning is evident. The diffi- culties in achieving integration of the various inter- ests and programs are likewise apparent. The status of plans and programs for water and related land resources development in the basin has already been described and will not be repeated in detail here. Many projects and programs-local, State, interstate, and Federal-are now in operation in the Ohio River Basin, the major progress having been made on main stream developments. Navigation facilities have been in operation for many years and are integrated with those in the Mississippi River system. Several extensions are under study or have been authorized for construc- tion. The primary need for navigation is the mod- ernization of facilities as they deteriorate or become obsolescent, to keep pace with the growing water transportation demands and with advances in navi- gation equipment. The practicability of deeper draft navigation and connections with the Great Lakes and other systems should be considered. A basin-wide plan for flood control and related purposes to be accomplished by reservoirs and local protection works has been approved and many of the component projects have been constructed. This plan lias been integrated with the flood con- trol program for the lower Mississippi River. The need for integrating other functions in the reservoir phase of thds plan is recognized. Such functions as hydroelectric power development, direct water supply, flow regulation for pollution abatement and water supply, and recreation have been integrated to some extent. There undoubtedly will be need for modifications and extensions to the part of the plan remaining to be accomplished, to provide for changing conditions and to effect the maximum practicable coordination and integration of water resources use. Pollution abatement, hydroelectric power genera- tion, and watershed management are three phases of water and related land use which have not been given the full attention they require. Planning for pollution abatement and control has received con- centrated attention at all governmental levels in the last decade. Federal and State laws have been adopted, and an interstate agency has been formed to deal with these problems. The primary need now is for implementation of the plans made and being made for solution of the pollution problem, and for intensified research concerning the difficult problems of acid mine drainage and industrial pollution. Except on the Cumberland River, where hydro- electric power is being developed intensively, this phase of development has lagged, not from the lack of recognition of the potentialities nor from the failure to plan for the integration of hydroelectric power with other phases of development, but largely because of the opposition of coal and other inter- ests and the lack of authority to construct generat- ing plants because of this situation. Where reser- voirs are developed for other purposes and are suit- able for multiple-purpose development, provisions for future development of hydroelectric power should be made even though opposition prevents such development initially. In watershed management, considerable progress has been made in recent years in promoting and encouraging the use of certain soil and water con- servation measures, including the rehabilitation and protection of forest lands. However, the major part of the planning and application of such meas- ures remains to be accomplished. As evidenced by the degree of soil erosion and by the disruption of normal forest cover in many areas of the basin, there is need for accelerated planning and application of corrective measures, and for close coordination of this work with water resources developments for the main streams. Domestic and industrial water supply problems arise from present lack of adequately developed ground and surface water systems in certain areas of the basin, and, to a larger extent, from the poor water quality which results from excessive pollution. The quantity problems can be solved by storage and regulation works or other techniques, and the qual- ity problems can be reduced by combinations of pollution control and waste treatment, by increasing low flows, or by provision of alternative sources 662 |