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Show extent that State and local governments should, by legislation and appropriations, control occupancy of the flood plains and maintain stream channels to reduce costs of flood control works. Hydroelectric power.-With the exception of one plant operated by the Corps of Engineers in connection with the Washington Aqueduct, all existing plants are non-Federal and mostly privately owned. Although several applications for licenses or preliminary permits for major power projects have been received by the Federal Power Commis- sion, no developments have been made under the grant of license. When any plan is adopted for construction, power projects should be coordinated with other regional power sources to achieve eco- nomical system power supply, whatever the operat- ing agency, public or private. Water supply.-In the main the water supply facilities have been constructed by the local inter- ests. At Washington, D. C, however, the aqueduct bringing water from Great Falls to the city was constructed near the middle of the last century by the Corps of Engineers and, with subsequent addi- tions thereto, is presently operated by it. Distribu- tion to trie consumer is made by the District of Columbia municipality. The Savage River Dam, originally sponsored by local interests to supplement low stream flows in the north branch for industrial water supply, is being finished by the Corps of Engineers under authority of the Flood Control Act of 1946." Pollution abatement.-Recognition of the pol- lution abatement problem in recent years has led to a notable attempt to solve it by cooperative effort through the medium of the Interstate Com- mission on the Potomac River Basin. That Com- mission, established in 1941 by interstate compact, consists of three members each from the States of Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, and Pennsyl- vania, and the District of Columbia, and three members appointed by the President. The Com- mission coordinates data on the character, pollu- tion, and condition of the streams, conducts investi- gations, promotes adoption of uniform legislation for the control of stream pollution, and recommends standards for cleanliness of the streams and reme- dial measures. The Commission has no enforce- ment powers and must depend on a publicity and educational program to make its recommendations effective. The enactment and enforcement of proper pollu- tion control laws is generally a State and local re- sponsibility. The Water Pollution Control Act of 1948 has as its main purpose encouraging the States to abate pollution, and providing technical and financial assistance from the Public Health Service to that end. The law does provide, however, for Federal enforcement of pollution abatement on in- terstate waters which create a health or welfare hazard in the event of State failure to enforce abate- ment. Federal enforcement is limited to cases when consent is granted by the State in which the pollution originated.18 Federal enforcement is also limited in other ways. Because of the effects of pollution on many phases of water resources utilization, planning procedure for basin-wide developments must in- clude those interests concerned with pollution. Multiple-purpose reservoir projects considered in such plans will contribute toward pollution abate- ment. Watershed management.-The valley is awaken- ing to the danger of the erosion problem and, through the efforts of Federal agencies, the Inter- state Commission on the Potomac River Basin, and other agencies, a program is under way to demonstrate effective procedures of coping with it. An intensive test program of land management practices has been initiated recently in the water- shed of the Monocacy River on a cooperative basis by State and Federal conservation agencies. Both in the organization of conservation districts and in on-the-farm control measures, State and local or- ganizations and private individuals have an im- portant place in improved land management practices. State and local agencies also have re- sponsibilities in affecting improved forestry prac- tices that can contribute to better water conditions. As an example, the Maryland Forest Conservancy District Act, to regulate forestry practices on private and public land, was enacted in 1943. Recreation, fisheries, wildlife.-The responsi- bilities for providing and administering various types of public recreational facilities is divided be- tween agencies at various levels of government. Areas serving purely local needs or of purely local significance generally are developed and admin- istered by local agencies and areas of State signifi- cance usually are in State custody. Those of ' Act of JTuly 24,1946, 60 Stat. 641. 18 Act of June 30, 1948, 62 Stat. 1155, as amended. 33 U. S. G. 466 et seq. (Supp. III). 614 |