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Show 1890.] SPECIES OF FISHES FROM MADEIRA. 457 Two specimens of this little fish were found lying on the sandy beach near what is known as the "Fossil Bed" at the east end of Madeira by the Rev. Padre Ernesto Schmitz, Director of the Semi-nario, Funchal, and one of the specimens is now in the British Museum. The following are the dimensions : millim. Length without caudal 51 Height, pectoral region 11 Head, length 14 ; thickness 6 Pectorals, length 7 ; distance of base from snout 15 First dorsal, height 7; length of base 7 First dorsal, distance from snout 21 Second dorsal, distance from first 10 Ventrals, length 9 ; distance of root from root of pectorals 5 Anal, height 6 ; length of base 8 Anal, distance from snout 30 Caudal, length 13 ; lowest height of tail 5 4. SCOPELUS PUSILLUS, sp. n. D. 9. V. 5 or 6. A. ca. 7. M. B. 6. Small, compressed, moderately elongate; the height compared with the length (without the caudal fin) being as 1 to 5|. Black; scales cycloid, about 32 in the side and 7 or 8 in the height. There is no trace of silver spots on the head or body. Head scaleless, not cubic or striate, top rounded; snout very short, profile not steep. Compared with the length of the fish (without the caudal) the head is as 1 to 4\. Eye oval, of moderate size, not reaching the profile, compared with length of head as 1 to 3^. It is placed near the upper jaw and about half a diameter from the tip of the snout. Rictus very long, extending much beyond the eyes and being nearly equal to seven eighths of the length of the head. The upper border of the mouth is formed by the premaxillaries, which are only slightly dilated posteriorly. The styliform maxillaries lie behind. The inside of the mouth is black, and it is copiously furnished with teeth. In the lower jaw there is a band of minute glassy teeth in about four rows. In the front of the upper jaw there is a single row of similar teeth with a band of 2-3 rows on each side behind. The palatines carry a narrow band of minute teeth, and on each entopterygoid is a long broad band of teeth. On the pharyngeals are broad patches of teeth, and on the vomer about 6 teeth. A narrow band of very minute teeth runs along the middle of the tongue, expanding into an oval patch behind, where the teeth are longer and subulate. At each side of the tongue there are short transverse series of minute teeth with a longer subulate one in each series. Lastly, the gill-rakers are rough with teeth. The short dorsal is placed near the middle of the back over the space between the ventrals and the anal. It is higher anteriorly than behind, and there are about nine rays. There is no second |