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Show 1890.] ON THE DOMESTIC DOG. Measurements.-Dental. 25 Length of M - 2- Max. 13-48 14-17 12-60 11-93 12-00 12-75 12-5 13-33 12-50 13-88 12-71 14-89 10-85 13-15 13-28 12-96 Min. 8-97 9-48 10-81 10-19 10-56 11-61 9-09 10-20 10-00 9-57 9-72 9-60 ... 10-34 10-22 9-67 8-77 D. 4-51 4-69 1-79 1-74 1-44 1-14 3-41 3-13 2-50 4-31 2-99 5-29 •51 2-93 3-61 4-19 Av. 10-93 11-88 11-74 11-40 11-34 12-07 11-35 11-58 11-10 11-10 11-06 12-11 9-05 10-53 12-05 11-48 11-39 Breadth c Max. 20-36 18-38 18-00 17-18 16-00 17-41 19-16 19-00 17-95 18-51 18-64 21-27 16-37 19-73 17-88 18-60 Min. 14-10 15-00 14-86 14-92 14-56 16-44 16-25 14-69 13-76 13-85 12-77 14-16 15-61 11-36 13-70 14-91 fM. 2. D. 6-26 3-38 3-14 2-26 1-44 •97 2-91 4-31 4-19 4-66 5-87 7-11 •76 8-37 4-18 3-69 Av. 16-39 16-35 15-89 16-10 15-39 16-93 17-88 16-95 17-67 15-50 15-71 17-05 12-84 15-86 16-33 16-41 17-18 Length Max. 39-27 34-51 34-96 33-57 38-35 34-05 37-77 37-00 35-18 36-76 42-55 33-33 37-77 40-78 39-13 38-00 Min. 29-48 31-03 30-67 31-74 34-00 31-57 32-38 31-42 30-42 27-08 31-74 29-76 33-33 36-26 30-90 31-45 °fM.l. D. 9-79 3-48 4-29 1-83 4-35 2-48 5-39 5-58 4-76 9-68 10-81 3-57 4-44 4-52 8-23 6-55 Av. 34-23 32-68 32-48 32-49 35-92 33-06 35-17 33-27 32-15 31-51 35-19 31-26 35-03 39-24 34-18 34-03 Length of - 6 M.2. Max. 15-71 17-32 14-60 14-28 14-00 14-47 ... 19-35 14-16 16-66 15-64 19-04 13-88 15-55 15-90 16-51 15-00 Min. 12-05 11-70 12-85 12-69 12-70 13-76 14-13 10-58 12-30 11-11 13-6 11-90 12-50 13-15 12-69 12-29 D. 3-66 5-62 1-15 1-59 1-30 •71 5-22 3-58 4-36 4-53 5-44 1-98 3-05 2-75 3-82 2-71 Av. 13-86 14-11 13-81 13-66 13-41 14-05 ... 15-81 12-95 14-31 13-59 15-56 12-76 14-02 14-88 12-69 13-24 Length of 8 M. 3. Max. 9-52 11-81 9-3 9-37 ... 10-37 9-16 10-00 8-97 10-00 7-75 10-09 8-57 Mn. 6-15 8-33 6-08 7-69 5-64 5-71 5-63 5-88 5-92 5-14 7-14 7'89 D. 3-37 3-48 3-22 1-68 4-73 3-45 4-37 3-09 4-8 2-61 2-95 •68 Av. 7-19 9-51 7-51 8-29 5-00 5-92 7'64 7'42 7-82 7'29 8-26 4-54 6-38 ... 8-58 8-26 upon the skulls, and cause differences in breeds which cannot be accounted for, is, of course, to be expected. The presence of the disturbing factor can be appreciated, though its exact nature cannot always or even frequently be ascertained with any correctness. Thus amongst the eleven Bull-dogs' skulls which we have examined there was one which differed in measurements considerably from the rest. It was nearly 1 cm. longer than any other and, what is much more significant, it was 7 cm. longer than it was broad, the average for the others being about 3 or 4 cm. Moreover its palate was 1*90 cm. longer than it was broad, whilst in every other case but one the breadth exceeded the length. In the second case, the length was -90 greater than the breadth of the palace, and the length of the skull nearly 5 cm. greater than the zygomatic width. We hope to be able to show more fully in another part of this paper that the first effect of impurity in breeding upon an artificially broadened and shortened skull; uch as the Bull-dog possesses, is in the direction of elongation and narrowing. W e cannot doubt that both of the skulls above mentioned were those of dogs in whom, to a greater or lesser degree, there was au admixture of strain, of what kind it is impossible to say. And what is true of |