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Show 218 ciples later incorporated in the 1902 Reclamation Act, stated that the people as a whole would profit from a reclamation pro- gram, "for successful home-making is but another name for upbuilding of the Nation."401 Similarly, during debate on the legislative proposal, it was said that:402 The bill is drawn exclusively for the protection of the settler and actual home builder, and every possible safe- guard is made against speculative ownership and the concentration of the lands or water privileges into large holdings * * *. The Act itself, as we shall shortly see, contained provisions implementing the establishment of farm homes. Indeed, the first head of the Reclamation Service characterized the making of homes as the "primary objective" of the 1902 Act, saying: ** The object of the Reclamation Act is not so much to irrigate the land as it is to make homes. President Theodore Roosevelt in his message to this Congress to-- day, and in every previous message to this Congress and to the Congress of the United States, has emphasized again and again that the primary objective of the law was to make homes. It is not to irrigate the lands which now belong to large corporations or to small ones; it is not to make these men wealthy; but it is to bring about a condition whereby that land shall be put into the hands of the small owner, whereby the man with a family can get enough land to support that family, to become a good citizen, and to have all the comforts and necessities which rightly belong to an American citizen. To this end, Section 3 of the 1902 Act, defining conditions upon which entry could be made upon public lands in a project, stipulates that:404 m H. Doc. No. 1, 57th Cong., 1st sess., p. XXIX (1901). 402 35 Cong. Reo. 6758 (1902). *°8F. H. Newell's message to the National Irrigation Congress in 1905, Landownership Survey on Federal Reclamation Projects, Department of the Interior, p. 91 (1946). 404 Act of June 17,1902, § 3, 32 Stat. 388, as amended, 43 U. S. C. 434. |