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Show 168 districts. Because of their relationship to federal irrigation undertakings, we shall summarize here the characteristics of. each. As the opportunities for simpler irrigation developments were exhausted, attention was turned to undertakings more re- mote from streams. Necessarily, these were more complex and involved larger construction costs. An answer was found in irrigation companies, combining capital and labor to achieve greater results. And with the growth of the appropriation doctrine, the number of such companies increased. Kinney reported in 1912 that the results of such private companies and corporations far exceeded the results of all other irrigation enterprises.91 These private organizations may be divided into two groups, the corporation organized to supply water to the general public for compensation, and the mutual irrigation or ditch company, organized by irrigators to supply themselves.92 They are thus quasi-public, or in the nature of mutual companies restricting service to their own stock- holders.93 A common type was the joint-stock company.94 Such companies found a use under the amended Desert Land Act of 1894, commonly called the Carey Act.95 Approval of an application by a state for designation of desert lands for a Carey-Act project is followed by contract between the state and a construction or irrigation company for construction and operation of the irrigation works.96 Settlers then usually 813 Kinney, Irrigation and Water Rights, §1450, pp. 2611-2613 (2d ed. 1912). 92 Long, A Treatise on the Law op Irrigation, §§ 279, 280, pp. 484-486 (2ded. 1916). "Ibid. °* Teele, Irrigation in the United States, p. 191 (1915). M Act of August 18, 1894, § 4, 28 Stat. 372, 424, as amended, 43 IT. S. 0. 641 et seq. See in particular the Act of June 11,1896, § 1, 29 Stat. 413, 434, 43 U. S. C. 642. Under this amendment, wealthy individuals and corpora- tions might be given a lien upon the lands for the money advanced by them for the construction of works. See 3 Kinney, Irrigation and Wateb Eights, § 1323, p. 2397 (2d ed. 1912). 88 See, e. g., Portneuf-Marsh Valley Canal Co. v. Brown, 274 U. S. 630, 632 (1927); Rev. Code of Mont., 1947 Ann. §§ 81-2101-81-2104; WyO. Oomp. Stat. 1945, §§ 24-406-24-417. |