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Show 272 Power Act would embrace many of the foregoing developments of the 1900-1920 period. Sharp were the conflicts among views as to the proper means for development of hydroelectric power in streams and on lands subject to the jurisdiction of Congress. During the period from 1913 to 1917, many power bills dealing with navigable waters and many dealing with public lands were actively and often heatedly debated in Congress without passage.67 Shortly after the beginning of World War I, Presi- dent Wilson sought a coordination of executive and legislative attack on the problem, focusing attention in 1918 on the "Ad- ministration Bill" which combined both the land and water jurisdictional bases.68 Despite extensive consideration of this and related legislative proposals, the 65th Congress adjourned without adoption of any bill.89 But the 66th Congress finally enacted the Federal Water Power Act of 1920, which in many respects corresponds with the 1918 "Administration Bill." 70 Elaborate attention would be required to measure the degree to which this Act represents a compromise between the zealous contentions of the early "conservationists" and those of their equally zealous opponents, each group having long persevered for general acceptance of its views. Suffice it for present pur- poses to say that beginning with this legislation we may best summarize existing law relating to both nonfederal and federal development and operation. As we discuss these two main divisions, we shall continue simultaneously to treat the growth of the multiple-purpose concept in relation to individual projects. Nonfederal Development and Operation As we have seen, Congress until 1920 generally gave direct legislative authorization on a project-by-project basis for non- federal development of power on streams under its jurisdic- tion. Restrictive conditions in grants were few and incon- 07 See Kerwin, Federal Water-Power Legislation, ch. IV (1926). 68 Id. ch. V; H. R. 8716, 65th Cong., 2d sess. (1918). 69 Kerwin, op. cit., supra, n. 67, at p. 253. mld. pp. 261-263 ; Act of June 10,1920, 41 Stat. 1063. |