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Show REPORT OF SUPERINTENDEXr OF INDIAN SCHOOLS. 375 it seems not strallge that the "noble red malln should disdain heavy toil. White men will not work without remuneration, and the Indian must be he l~edto see how he can orofit by labor. The officers of the c':ovcrn~nr~i~ni o, nr ~el~onlanll tl i~rncics ;? hu~~lsdtn dy to S I I O ~ Vh ow t~rilr nn bea-n~~r~e~e u~u~r rnt i~vlcl dR I J ~ C S ~iI(1I1Ic~1t ;il e Goveru~nent .;l~ouldu rovide irrientio~a~ut l otllrr lkeilitie.*, i l l order to tnnkr labor pay in Gegions so aFid and desolate that it will otherwise be impossible. Already there are encouraging indications. Wehave i~owre ached a point where only 23 11er cent of our India11 population receive Govern-ment rations. Few Indians beyond the Rockies receive rations-only the blind and aged, aud Chief Joseph's baud of Nez Perds, the latter under special treaty stipulations. In Inally places I find well-to-do Ilidiaus vi th large fiocksof cattle al~dhorsesw, ith extensive wheat and corn fields. I know individual Indians vho rai~eannual ly3 00, 400, 800. 900. 1.600. 1.800. 2.000 bnst~elso f wheat. besides corn. barlev. and 1 , , , oats; bit I know mauy more who do not raike enough for'the waits of their families. The cases are not few of Indians selling to the Gover~r-merit cattle to be issued as rations; at one agency a6out one millioln ponnds of beef mere thus sold in one year. Of course, such Iudians will soon nass nuder a new regimen. wheu the terms of treat-y stipnla- A tious req<iring the issue of ra5ons have been f[~lfilled. I11 a recent nlimber of the Forum, 2Ir. J. W. Powell, a conspicnous - adept in Indian matters, said : Morn than two-thirds of all the Inilia,nn now wrest from the soil and from iudus-trial oocuyiltious tho means of subsistence, without aid f r o ~ zt~h e Cienernl Govern-ment, having abandoned buntiuv fishing, and the gat he ria^ of native vegetables, exoopt as s pastime and for oea~%)ional supplies. Two-thirds of thelu are actually onfidget1 in civilized indnstries, and are fighting their inclnstrial battles with succean. One-third have not saoornplisl~ed this mnoh; and subsist in part on uative prodnotn, and in n;mt on oiriiized industries. nut1 in n ~ r ton the el~aritvo f t,ho Government. Tl ~ ead vance is as grea,t and as rapid as could be expected, when we consider the freqaent chauges in the Goveniment oEcia,ls and policy. Let there be sharper concentra,tion npon the i~ldnstriesin our schools ;tnd agencies, aud the good time we seek will be ral)idly irast,ened. The nod ern Indian must 1oa.r~th is new lessor^ of vvork-to break the soil, to raise crops and cattle, to build barns, to live in substantial I~ooses,t o wear citizen clothes, and to find happy cmploynle~iti n the labor he. orloe despised a,s degradi~rg. This is the paramo~lnpt rohleln of the Indian Office, and a11 Indian scllools should magl~ifyt his line of work. THE CHARGE OF RRUTAL DISCIPLINE. Last vviut,er 1 was celled to invesiigate widely-published charges of brutality in the Indian scliools of the Bonthmesc. It xvaa alleged that "barbarities allnost tit for an Apache ontbreak have been perpetrated upon shrinking, inoffefensive pupils; " that L'slaveirons, slave whips, and other implements of edocation wit11 which inoffensive Pueblo children are tortured" are 'Lopenly supplied to theGovernment Indian school^,'^ and that "the using of revolvers, shackles, a ~ i dsc ourges is sanctioned." The author of the charges claimed to be "fully fortified with proofs" as to the "barbarities practiced, the kidiiapilig of children, and the tor-ture of innocents." In one paper he said: If they (thepupils) run away from their slavery there (i.n the aohool) he (the superintendent) 1111ntst hem dowu as he would convicts. nloodho~~ndarse the only |