OCR Text |
Show 402 COAST OF ciiiLl PERMANENTLY EL'EVAT'ED. . don the morni.nO' after the shock, d V 1 i.so was examme o . ~oun a para t the whole line of coast for the dtstance of 1t was foundh utnhd ar e d m1. 1e s wa 8 raised above its former le.v el*. above one 1 l t' was three feet, and at Qumtero A V 1 ·so t 1e e eva 1on . d t a parm et. Part of the bed of the sea remamed bare an about fo~r fe . ''with beds of oysters, muscles, and other dry at h1gh water' h · h the rew the fish being shells adhering to the rocks o~ w . lC effi!vi~-t.. , ' An old wreck d d haling most ouensiVe ' · all dea.' an ~xh b £ ·e could not be approached, became acces-o~ a ship, whlc l e ~~ although its distance from the original stble from the an l' d It was observed, that the water-h e had not a tere . . sea-s or . h distance of about a mile from the sea, course of a mill; at t e . hes in little more than one hundred · d fall of 10Urteen me ' . . gamde . aa nd f rom t h' f t l't is inferred that the rise m some IS ac ' . 1 h yar s ' he inland country was far more consi~erab e t an .on parts of t·l- p t of the coast thus elevated consisted of gramte, ~he co~st +· a~l fissures were caused, some of. which were m wh1Ch para~ d I lf . land Cones of earth, about d £ . mile an a la m . . h trace or a. th n up in several distncts, by t e four feet high, were .rowd 'th and through funnel-shaped · f ter m1xe WI s ' forCing up 0 wa mmon in Calabria, and the ex-hollows- a phenomenon ver~ co b onsidered Those houses Planation of which will berea tder . e c ere o~ rock were less . . f h. ·h the foun atwns w ' in Chill, o w lC built on alluvial soil. The ar~aover damaged than such as were . f 1 1 extended, was esttmated which this permanent alteratiOn o 'leve The wbolecountry,from d d tl and square m1 es. . at one hun re Jous d' under the sea, lS sup· l A d t a great tstance . the foot of t 1e n es 0 t · bel' nO' at the d1stance b · d the greates nse . o posed to have een raise ' h " The rise upon the coast of about two miles from the s or~. d' t nee of a mile inland it was from two to four feet :-at t e ts a .c t R. " The sound-fi t ix or seven 1ee ~· d must have been from ve o s. ' h b en materially change inO'S in the harbour of V alparatso h avebe:ome shallower. The byo this shock, and the bohttom dasf September, 18~3: even shocks cont.m uc d up to t e en o d without one, an d some· then, forty-eight hours seldom ~asse t -four hours. Mrs. times two or three were felt durmg twen y r s . 1824 vol.xvll., . econd series ; and also J ourn. o Cl., ' '* See Geol. Trans., vol.t., s l . second series, P· 415. . 40. t Geol. Trans., ~o . t., 9 Ibid., PP• 40, 45, p l Journ. of Sci., vol. xvn., P· 42• EARTHQUAKE OF ALEPPO, 1822-JONJAN ISLES, 1820. 403 Graham observed, after the earthquake of 189l9l, that, b~sides the beach newly raised above high-water mark, there were several older elevated lines of beach one above the other con- sisting of shingle mixed with shells, extending in a pa' rallel direction to the shore, to the height of fifty feet above the sea""'. Aleppo, 189l~.-In 18~~ Aleppo was destroyed by an earthquake, and alterations are said to have been caused in the level of the land ; but of these we have no exact details. At the same time two rocks were reported by the captain of a French vessel to have risen from the sea, in the neighbourhood of Cyprus, an island well known to be subject to subterranean movements, and almost under the same latitude as Aleppot. In these and similar instances, where there is no evidence of a submarine eruption, it is not the magnitude of the masses lifted above the sea which are of importance, but the indication apparently afforded by them, that a submarine tract, of which they merely form the highest points, has undergone some change of level. Ionian Isles, 189l0.-In the year 18~0, from the 15th of February to the 6th of March, Santa Maura, one of the Ionian isles, experienced a succession of destructive earthquakes. Immediately afterwards a rocky island was observed not far from the coast, which had never been known beforet. No indications of a submarine eruption were observed on this spot: it is, therefore, most probable that this rock was elevated by the earthquake; but an examination of its structure is much to be desired. Island of Sumbawa, ] 815.-In April, ]8]5, one of the most frightful eruptions recorded in history occurred in the mountain Tomboro, in the island of Sumbawa. It began on the 5th of April, and was most violent on the lith and I~th, and did not entirely cease till July. The sound of the explosions was heard in Sumatra, at the distance of nine hundred * Geol. Trans., vol. i., second series, p. 415. · t Journ. of Sci., vol. xiv., p. 450. :f: Allgem~ine Zeitung, 1820, No. 146. Verneul, Journal des Voyages, vol. vi., P· 383 ; cited by Von Hoff, vol. ii., p. 180 • 2D2 |