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Show 1871.] DR. J. E. GRAY ON THE BRADYPODIDA. 439 Bradypus gularis for what are now considered the males of more than one species. Mr. Salvin, in June 1869, informed me that the series of four specimens of A. griseus, which he obtained for the British Museum, were all shot together, and formed one family, consisting of a male, a female, and two young of different ages ; that the male had a yellow patch with a black central streak on the back, which was not present in the female and young. This observation induced me to examine the other specimens in the Museum which have the yellow patch on their backs; and I am satisfied that they belong to two species, which agree in all the characters, except the patch, with the two species that I had named Ardopithecus marmoratus and Ardopithecus blainvillei; and therefore I have come to the conclusion that they are the males of those species. One cannot be certain, because the sex of the specimens cannot be determined in the skins as they are in the Museum, and the travelling naturalists who collected them have not taken the trouble to mark the sex to which they belonged. I think this idea is confirmed, that all the young specimens which I have seen are like what are here regarded as females, and perhaps the patch does not appear until the animal reaches nearly adult age. The under-fur is generally abundant, very soft. It is white or black, like the base of the longer hair. It seems to be more abundant in the species with long flaccid hair, which generally have grey tips to the hair, and shortest and least abundant in A. cuculliger, which has shorter and more rigid hair, and is rather sooty-coloured. Cuvier, in the ' Ossemens Fossiles,' v. t. 6, 7, figured the skeleton and skull of this genus, A. problematicus! Blainville, in his ' Osteographie,' figures the skulls of two animals ; one he calls B. tridactylus brasiliensis, and the other B. tridactylus guianensis, differing in the hinder part of the lower jaw. In m y paper in the 'Proceedings' 1849, I pointed out that the hinder part of the lower jaw seemed to afford very good characters for the separation of the species, and figured this part from several specimens. The species may be arranged according to the skull thus (and I have found them subject to little or no variation in general form, and change little in growth) : - 1. Skull: nose rather elongate, narrow; lower jaw elongate, shallow, the hinder angle much produced.-A. cuculliger, A. marmoratus. 2. Skull: nose rather elongate, narrow; angle of lower jaw rather produced, broad.-A. problematicus. 3. Skull: nose very short, broad; angle of lower jaw produced, broad.-A. boliviensis, A. flaccidus, A. griseus, A. castaneiceps. 4. Skull: nose very short, broad; angle of the lower jaw scarcely produced, very broad.-A. blainvillei. In this and my other paper of the kind I have only paid attention to the zoological characters of the skulls, and not preferred to |