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Show 300 MR.T. DAVIDSON ON JAPANESE BRACHIOPODA. [Apr. 18, The following papers were read :- 1. O n Japanese recent Brachiopoda. By T H O M A S D A V I D S O N, Esq., F.R.S., F.G.S., &c. (Communicated by J. G W Y N J E F F R E Y S , Esq., F.Z.S.) [Received April 18, 1871.] (Plates XXX. & XXXI.) lt is to Mr. Arthur Adams that we are indebted for the discovery of by far the largest number of species of Brachiopoda hitherto procured from the Japanese waters. These species were dredged by him during the period extending from 1859 to 1861, and he gave a very brief account of them, without illustrations (if we except a single figure of T. davidsoni), in the ** Annals & Magazine of Natural History ' for 1860 and 1863, as well as iu the * Proceedings of the Zoological Society' for 1867. Mr. Adams enumerates the following species:- 1. Terebratulina japonica, Sow. 2. caput-serpentis, Linne. 3. cumingii, Dav. 4. Terebratula davidsoni, Adams. 5. Waldheimia cranium, Gmel. 6. septigera, Loven. 7. picta, Chemn. 8. grayii, Dav. 9. Terebratella coreanica, Adams and Reeve. 10. Terebratella marice, Adams. 11. Ismenia sanguinea, Chemn. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. reevei, Adams. Rhynchonella lucida, Gould. woodwardii, Adams. Crania japonica, Adams. Discina stella, Gould. 17. Lingula tumidula, Reeve. 18. smaragdina, Adams. 19. jaspidea, Adams. 20. lepidula, Adams. At the suggestion of Mr. A. Adams as well as Mr. Jeffreys, I have examined the original specimens of tbe shells above named; and I now beg to submit to the Zoological Society a revised list accompanied by illustrations of all the species. It would result from m y examination that the shells attributed to Waldheimia cranium and to W. septigera in Mr. Adam's paper will have to be referred to other species, as no authenticated example of those forms have, to m y knowledge, been hitherto obtained from the waters of Japan. Some other modifications to the list will also be required, to which we will refer in the sequel. I will likewise add descriptions and figures of three or four more species that are either new or had been found in those waters by other naturalists. No sea of a similar extent to that of Japan has furnished us with so large a series of species of Brachiopoda; and as their habitat as well as the depth at which they occur has been accurately determined by Mr. A. Adams, it is important that the identification of the species should be carefully determined and discussed. The study of the recent Brachiopoda has been much increased and advanced during the last few years, thanks to the numerous dredging- |