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Show LEADING FACTS OF NEW MEXICAN OLD HISTORY Communication with California began in 1827, when Richard Campbell, with a party ° of thirty-five men and a number of pack Kelly knew well enough that a band of Cheyennes had been following the coach all day, but had kept the information to himself So as not to frighten the passengers. Shortly before daybreak Kelly awakened Carpenter, telling him he thought it best to be moving, as he believed the Indians would commence the attack at daylight. The horses were quickly hitched up and soon the stage was on its way so a rest was taken and given to the horses. in the evening and passengers, all had to to Dodge. By nine o’clock no Indians had been seen the remaining few gallons of water in the cask were They could not hope to reach Dodge before eight o’clock until that time there was not a drop of water for the be given to the horses. ‘*No breakfast this morning, cheerily said Kelly. ‘‘Time is too precious and we can’t stop to All forenoon Kelly sat upon the boot, his rifle across his knees, his della scanning boys,”’ cook. the horizon. About noon he caught sight of Indians, obding up about and down, in sight and out again as they rode single file over the sand-hills two miles distant. Kelly began orders, Carpenter Ho oi In the event of an attack, to crouch low giving down into the boot and — ete Soft pe iat ay aaah ha oe ie oe to the horses; a lot of mail sacks ae aa Sides yr wont beer arcs rec and of the under down coach. don’t waste your no circumstances to let go of from the boot, the passengers ‘‘Get your guns ammunition. Keep ready for your nerve + they are nine and we are five; we will whip them if the arrows el ef a i “ ow sel lias 7 » Kelly changed wae ts tes e Presented a fine etter position to use t , 5 began to shower upon the coach. In the his position from the boot to the top of the target for the arrows of the savages, but he his rifle with effect. As he mounted to the ies i hi ek ap to yell, riding up close and showering arrows upon them; Carpenter a ; the leg and thigh; swiftly the horses, guided by the brave ’ en 7) Saoped on; deliberate and cool Kelly kept firing upon the savages; hn bei leaving their leader and another dead upon the prairie. gave the passenee Ai ed yas Kelly.to understand Kelly, himself, had tumbled them over, but he Wilth soeke that they had accomplished this feat, hile Rrains 1 6k oe hand. Pot Ce great encouragement. =, Quickly Three of the the Indians charged Indian mounts Te wi who seemed 1 re following the coach, vicious looking determined to succeed. At ial they charged so close y ee wont be Struck with the driver’s whip. At this critical Wher At prairies. the ane ver hin ee his rifle was hot and wouldn’t work and began ee would have to round up and fight it out hand to moment, however, the Indians made a dash across the parent, for far 2 vga the cause for their sudden departure became 4pwas Dow Mic uel ae » Coming in their direction was a long wagon train. It Mexico, Quickly The Ind; the ens tero’s had : oe bes J C > ara 8 reg eee Ae Pa er et telling give them icdaiasalpa caravan Seen on them the way first and to Kansas made City good from their New escape. though the pi ae crawled out of the coach; not one was wounded, al Kelly’s thioh a bristled with arrows. The arrows were extracted from Mexican “bull-wh Le and his wounds dressed. Dinner was had with the way to Dodge the hero: a a his A Sie and after they arrived a good rest the stage in safety late in the proceeded evening. on its Kelly was many trips as eseins wan Judgment had saved the lives of all. Kelly made was never serious Senger and had many conflicts with the savages, but in al to his f - When the Staging days were over, he retired *6 Simpson, Gen, : J port, Mo., where he died several years since. - d. H., Reconnoisances in New Mezxico and Texas, 143 animals traveled from New Mexico to San Diego by way of Zuni and the valley of the Rio de Zuni, and TRAILS TO CALIFORNIA found no difficulty throughout the whole distance. Later, about 1830, Don José Antonio Baca visited that country with a small number of New Mexicans, and Ewing Young,’ with a company of foreign trappers, made a fur-hunting tour in the western valleys. During the succeeding two years, three trading and trapping parties made the journey under Wolfskill, Jackson, and Young, the first named opening the long followed trail from Taos north of the Colorado river. From this time the trail was followed every year, often by parties of a few individuals only. Trade between the two territories or departments consisted in the exchange of New Mexican blankets for California mules and horses, and it must be confessed that the traders soon earned a most unenviable reputation. There were many honorable exceptions, but most of the trading parties were ‘‘T think it proper to bring to the notice of the department the expediency of having the country examined west of the pueblo of Zuiii, for the ascertainment of a wagon route from the former failing in this, to San Diego. point to the Pueblo de Los Angeles, or, The route from Santa Fé to Zufii—a distance of two hundred and four miles — is, with a very slight application of labor, practicable for wagons; and the guide, Carbajal, who has been down the Rio de Zufii to its junction with the Colorado practicable all the way of the West, says it continues along its tributary to the point mentioned. ‘‘Mr. Richard Campbell, of Santa Fé, since my return, has informed me that in 1827, with a party of thirty-five men, and a number of pack animals, he traveled from New Mexico to San Diego by the way of Zufii and the val- ley of the Rio de Zufii, and found no difficulty throughout the whole distance. He further states, there is no question of a good wagon route, furnishing = Proper quantum of wood, water and grass, can be found in this direction, both to San Diego and the Pueblo de Los Angeles. He informs me, however, that in order to reach the Rio Colorado, the Rio de Zufi would have he diverged from at the falls, within a few miles of its confluence with the ee to down followed southwardly Colorado, and a valley running generally Junction with the valley of that river. He has further informed me - above the mouth of the Rio de Zufii there is a ford, called El Vado de 108 Padres (The Ford Shorter than of the Fathers) way of the pueblos of the Moquis. the other, € canyon of the river *" Ewing Young was trapper in the far west ashington in 1828-29. fornia, where he nrted neophytes. “xican woman Oregon. Property p. 64: SANTA FE TRAIL aided in to which a route leads from Zuni as bymuct h This route, which he represents is, however, on account of the difficulty 1 crossing at the ford, only practicable for pack animals. born in Tennessee. and had passports Oregon. a meee ee a st : Lan: the Padres of San José in an expedition against re- In 1829 he returned to New Mexico, was married t0 3 Taos and again went to California. In 1834 he pherg He left a son called Joaquin, in He early became for Mexican pa In these years he made his first overland trip to born in New Mexico, who inherited ; 51 <n 142 |