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Show among strong efforts to extend the clergy and the masses reached New Mexico in the year civil and religious instruction of the people. 1826, when, This on the movement 19th of May Durango year the Miguel to missions del Bado erect a chapel at San José del Bado. In this of Taos, were San Juan, Abiquit, Belen, and San made parishes and provided with secular priests.11? : 112 Salpointe, Most Rev. J. B., Soldiers of the Cross, pp. 160-161, says: At the same epoch, by order of the Vicar Capitular of Durango, the See being vacant, the Vicar-general of the diocese, Don Agustin Fernandez, made the pastoral visitation of the missions of New Mexico. In his report, a copy of which has been kept in the church records, he deseribes the old St. Francis church, Santa Fé, thus: ‘An adobe building 54 yards long by 914 in width, with two small towers not provided with crosses, one containing two bells and the other empty; the church municating with being covered with a flat clay terrace. the ‘‘crucero’’ (the place where a church takes Inside, com- the form of 4 “sree by the side chapels), are two large separate chapels, the one on the north side dedicated to our Lady Conquistadora,’’ of the Rosary, called also ” the South side the other dedicated to St. Joseph.’ e (1) and The Chapel of Our ony of Light, known also by the name of ‘La Castrense,’ military church, that . our Lady of Guadalupe were visited at the same time. After the visit of the eae ohare and public chapels of the city, the Vicar-general visited er ge arene, private oratories: One in the house of Don Antonio Ortiz, that “ pe ; oly Trinity in the house of Juan Bautista Vigil, and that of San Jose abe hea © na Pablo Montoya, which were found to be in all the conditions “The k een required for their concession from the ecclesiastical authority. .. ne . He thelastparochial chapel visited thatsouthern of the side. Third Order Theof Vicar-gene St. Francis, adchurch was on its ral at Sear eulars ee refused report complains, to give as obedience did to visitor the Guevara, decrees and in 1817, dispositions that the of the na Sree eo 167 Ss, ee PEOPLE ee OF THE tas of that year a college was opened in Santa Fé, under the protection and direction of the vicar-general, for the instruction of the young men. At the same time the church authorities received permission from CUSTOMS It was the custom, during the régime of the Franciscans, for this Third Order of St. Francis to give religious processions at the capital, in addition to the devotions practised by the members of the order. These were the feast of St. Louis, King of France, and of the Immaculate Conception, which were their paternal feasts. They also had a special high mass sung on every second Sunday of the month for their particular purposes, and this was followed by a procession in which the members of the order marched, wearing the habit of the Franciscan Order, which they were allowed to use also in the church during the exercises of Holy Week. This Third Order was known also by the name of ‘‘La Tercera Orden de Penitencia’’ and was established in Santa Fé and in Santa Cruz de la Cafiada, between the dates of 1692 and 1695, under the administration of Captain-general Don Diego De Vargas, who was a highly religious personage.)?8 Mexico when the Franciscans were superseded in the several missions by secular priests. This chapel, when visited by the vicargeneral of the diocese in 1826, Don Agustin Fernandez de San Vicente, was found lacking everything required for the celebration of the mass, its document of concession was annulled, and orders given to the parish priest, Rev. Juan Tomas Terrazas, no longer to attempt to celebrate mass therein. Subsequent to the fall of the Spanish government in Mexico the chureh suffered severely throughout the republic on account of the numerous revolutions which alienated many influential churchmen owing to their necessarily close association with others who were opposed to the church. To remedy this evil the ecclesiastical authority made AND I MANNERS HISTORY Be MEXICAN 3 NEW ee OF ln FACTS i LEADING bishop, induced to it by the Father Custodio of Santa Fé, Fray Sebastian varez, and by the Political Chief, Don Antonio Narbona.’’ Archbishop Salpointe, ibid., pp. was given by the bishop town of La Cuesta, on 164-165, of Durango the Pecos also says that in 1831 for the construction river, and of another Al- ‘permission of a chapel in the at Pefia Blanca, at the request of Juan Antonio Cabeza de Vaca. In the year following, the Rev. Juan Felipe Ortiz, a native of Santa Fé, and descendant of the old Spanish family of that name, was appointed Vicar-general Forane of the territory. In 1833, Durango, Don José Antonio Zubiria, visited the parishes of New bishop Hisof lordship, the Mexico. while in the villa of Santa Fé, found that the parochial church, though the first established in the city, and the head of all in the territory, was entirely destitute of suitable vestments for the of the holy sacrifice, and intimated his wish of a contribution from ful to provide for this want.’? _ This finding of Bishop Zubiria most effectually disposes of the Impressions cumulations the others celebration the faitherroneous which have gained credence in some quarters as to the great acof wealth by the Franciscans during their administration of the religious affairs of the country. To the well-informed it is well known that hearly every mission altar in New Mexico, at that time, was equally devoid of the necessary accessories for the celebration . of the mass. 18In the records of the Church of St. Francis, at Santa Fé, now preserved in the cathedral, the former having been partially demolished in 1870, is to © found the following document relative to the Third Order of St. Francis: _ Informacion dada al Gobernador Fernando Chacon por el Rev. P. Custodio, F, Cayetano José Bernal. Santa Fé, 17 de Setiembre 1794. ‘ : _ En las dos referidas Villas (Santa Cruz de la Canada §& Santa Fé) esta Jundada en cada una de ellas la Venerable Orden Tercera de Penitencia, desde {os principios de ag de Nuestra ella, la Reconquista de esta provincia con licencia de los PreSerafica Religion como Superiores Legitimos inmediatos de : , Orden Tercera de Penitencia de N. 8. P. San Francisco. Cast de la Reconquista, (aunque no se sabe el ano fijo) con _La desde Venerable los principios previa la licencia de los Prelados de Nuestra Serafica Religion como Supertores el 166 |