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Show 68 about the circumference of an average buck- shot. Such beads were evidently held in great esteem by the people, and among the ruins they are extremely rare, only two or three specimens having been found. Captain Moss, of Parrott City, Colo., who has spent much time daring the past few years among the ruins of this section, says that these beads are valued highly by the present Navajo Indians to the sooth, a small string, when such can be found, bringing a good horse in exchange. The Navajoes are constantly grubbing among the ruins and ancient graves in search of these trinkets; and this accounts for their great scarcity among the ruins to- day. They were undoubtedly obtained by the ancients from other tribes, who brought them, or at least the shells from which they were fashioned, from the Pacific coast. We know that these ruins extend as far west as the junction of the San Juan and Colorado Eivers, so that communication between this tribe and those along the Pacific Ocean was rendered easy. Of the second class of bead- ornaments, many are found among the heaps of ancient pottery which surround all of the old ruined buildings. A small piece of pottery, generally of the best glazed and painted ware, is taken, and the edges ground down into a circular or rectangular form, varying in size from a third of an inch to an inch in diameter, or from a half inch to an inch and a half in length. The circular specimens have perforations in the center, while the square or rectangular varieties have holes near one end. These latter may be classed with No. IV. The third division is represented by but a single specimen, which was picked up during the month of August, 1875,. in the Cafiou of the Montezuma, in Utah. It is simply a piece of turquoise, flattened and polished on both sides, and is undoubtedly half of a bead, as is demonstrated by the orifice, at which place it has been divided. The hole was evidently bored by a stone " rimmerf as the opening on the top surface is much greater than that on the under. These turquoises, or the " GhalchihuitU" of the Indians, were obtained from the Los Cerillos Mountains in New Mexico, southeast of Santa F6. Here is a quarry which was worked probably before the arrival of the Spaniards in this country, and it was here, undoubtedly, that the ancient " cliff- dwellers" obtained their turquoise. Here probably their descendants, the Moquis, Pueblos, and Zutiis, procured the turquoises mentioned by the Reverend Father Friar Marco <\ e Ni9a, in 1539, and by Francisco Vasquez de Coronado in his account of his visit to these people in 1540. Marco de Ni9a wrote: " They have emeralds and other jewels, although they esteem none so much as turquoises, wherewith they adorn the walls of the porches of their houses, and their apparel and vessels; aud they use them instead of money through all the country.* The fourth and last class of bead- ornaments consists of all those trinkets, made usually of stone or silicitied wood, but occasionally of pieces of pottery, which were employed in decorating ear- rings or necklaces. These are usually flat, neatly- polished, rectangular pieces, with the aperture bored through one end. They vary from half an inch to two inches in length, the width being usually about two- thirds of this, and from one- sixteenth to one- eighth of an inch in thickness. The form graduates from the rectangular to the elliptical, as the corners are more or less rounded or worn. These were suspeuded either from circular eardrops, made mostly of shell, or from the front center of n3cklaces. Some such ornaments as these are still worn among the Mojaves, Moquis, Pueblos, and Zuiiians of Arizona and N" ew Mexico. This style of perforated orua- |