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Show 12 as given in my notes, and, by adding twice the thickness of the wall, obtained a circumference of 89^ feet; just sufficient space to accommodate ten apartments, with an equal number of partition- walls a fraction less than 12 inches in thickness. By adding to the diameter of the inner circle the total thickness of the walls, plus twice the distance between them, I obtained a diameter of 43 feet for the outer circle. The circuit of the structure is, therefore, 135 feet Although these figures are greater than those previously given ( estimated), I am confident that they cannot vary greatly from the truth. There were no indications of windows or doors in the fragment of outer wall, but two nearly rectangular openings in the inner wall seem to have served as doorways between the central inclosure and the cells. We may suppose that each cell had similar means of communication with the interior. The one doorway that remains entire is 6 feet from the ground, and measures 2 feet in width by 3 in height. The stone- work of the facing is very neat and exact, and the lintel is of a single slab of sandstone. It may be fairly presumed that the outer wall had no doorways or windows within reach of the ground, and that entrance was obtained, by means of ladders, through high windows or by way of the roof. The central inclosure has doubtless served as an estufa, and and there are still evidences of a considerable depression. That this ruin is quite ancient is attested by the advanced stage of decay, and that it has been of considerable height may be inferred from the large quantities of debris. A similar and somewhat more perfect example of double- walled tower is illustrated in plate VIII. There seem to have been no buildings of importance in connection with this ruin, but many in the vicinity. On the point of a low rocky promontory that extends down from the mesa on the west to within a few yards of the circular ruin are some masses of decaying wall, and a large circular depression, not differing in appearance from the usual estufa. It is probable that there are other remains higher up on the rocky slope; indeed, others could be seen from the trail, but I found no time to visit them. A few hundred yards below the great tower, and very near the trail, a smaller tower occurs, having other ruins couuected with it, and in a weather- worn cavity in a massive crag near by is the cosy little dwelling shown in figure 5. The rude little fire- place illustrated in figure 6 was observed by Mr. Brandegee in connection with a cliff- house on the opposite side of the canon, a little farther up. It is remarkable as being the only example discovered by our party. There seem to be no traces whatever of fireplaces, ovens, furnaces, or chimneys in or about any of the ruins described, which is rather remarkable, since fires must have been used in baking pottery and for domestic purposes, and we cannot suppose that a people so well advanced in architectural skill were unable to build fireplaces and furnaces. PLATE V.- CLIFF- HOUSES OF THE MANGOS. In this plate are given sketches of two of the more interesting groups of cliff- houses, or fortresses, as they may quite as appropriately be called. Figure 1 represents a portion of a group found about ten miles from the foot of the canon in a subordinate cliff on the west side. This low cliff is of massive sandstone, and is washed by the river, the trail being crowded back against the steep wall. At the height of about |