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Show 56 Longitudinal arch 358 Circumference ' 95 Length of frontal 115 Length of parietal .". 150 Length of occipital 165 Zygomatic diameter 12* In order to show the resemblance between the skulls from Southern Colorado and New Mexico, described on the preceding pages, and those of the ancient Peruvians, the diagram, Fig. 14 on PL 29, was drawn. Before referring to the latter, we may be allowed to recall the fact that there are two different types of Peruvian skulls, one kind being lengthened similarly to those of the Macrocephali o£ Hippocrates,* and found chiefly in the chulpas near Lake Titicaca, while those from other localities, and not met with under the " burial towers," are shortened by compression of the occipital region. We hardly need to state that the type alluded to here is the latter one. t The skull, whose profile is represented by the less heavy lines, belongs to the collection of the United States Army Medical Museum. It bears the number 250 of the catalogue, aud is designated as " Pachacamac skull, from Peru." Viewed from above it is similar in outline to skull 1179, previously described, ( represented in heavy lines on the diagram.) Its frontal bone only proves to be more receding and elongated than that of the latter, it being, besides, a little longer, and in the norma verticalis we perceive the zygomatic bones, the nasals, and the upper maxillae, to project more beyond the general outlines of the cranium than it is the case with No. 1179. It is rather thick and heavy, apparently male, with pronounced muscular insertions. Those of its measurements that may be of interest in our case, are as follows: Length ... 163 Breadth 1* 6 Breadth of frontal 11* Length of frontal .'. 119 Circumference .*. 505 The dotted profile line of the diagram is that of skull No. 276 of the catalogue above mentioned, and designated as " Crauium of pure Indian. Cobau, Guatemala." Viewed from above it appears sligbtly asymmetrical, the left parietal being compressed at its posterior portion, between the lower third of the sagittal suture, the tuber, aud the squamosal. The zygomatic bones aud the malars project beyond the general outline of the cranium in this position, and likewise the super-ciliar ridges and the nasals, the greatest breadth being found a little below the parietal tubers. Apparently male; muscular insertions very pronounced; skull heavy and thick. As measurements of interest I shall give: mm. Length '. lf> 2 Breadth 142 Breadth of frontal U£ Length of frontal 1* 2 Circamference 4* 4 . * Magni Hippocratis medioorum omnium facile principle opera omuia qnas exstant, none denno latina interpretatione et annotationibus illustrata, Anatio Foesio Medio-matrico medico authore. Francofurti, MDCXXIV, page 289. t Mariano Eduardo de Bivero y Juan Diego de Ttfchudi, Antiauedadm Peruana*, Vienna, 1851, p. 25, where the type in question is represented, with two others, the authors distinguishing three types on rather trivial grounds. A large view of the typo uuder consideration is also figured in the atlas accompanying the volume* Plate V. |