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Show 9 by a low ridge of earth. The remaining fragments of wall are at the remoter parts of the circles, and are in every respect like the walls already described. The inner wall, which can be traced but a short distance, is 8£ feet from the oater, and has been connected by partition-walls, as in the other case. The first impression given by this curious inclosure is that it was desigued for a " corraP, and used for the protection of herds of domestic animals; but siuce these people are not known to have possessed domestic animals, and when we further consider that inclosures of pickets would have served this purpose as well as such a massive and extraordinary structure, we can hardly avoid assigning it to some other use, which use, doubtless similar to that of the smaller tower, is very naturally suggested by its location and construction. That they both belonged to the community of cave- dwellers, and served as their fortresses, council- chambers, and places of worship, would seem to be natural and reasonable inferences. Being on the border of a low mesa country that rises toward the north, the strong outside walls were donbtless fonnd necessary to prevent incursions from that direction, while the little community by means of ladders would be free to pass from dwelling to temple and fortress without danger of molestation. The original height of these structures must necessarily be a matter of conjecture, and it is true that althongh there is every evidence of age, both in the cave- dwellings aud in the walled inclosures above, the lack of great quantities of crumbling walls and debris, and the general bareness of the ruins, give rise to the notion that they were but meager affairs. If we conclude, however, that the outer walls were constructed for defense, and their thickness and form favor such a hypothesis, their height would probably have been as great as fifteen or twenty feet, while the inner walls, being equally heavy and well built, would be sufficiently high to accommodate two or three stories. With these conclusions in view, I have ventured to preseut a sketch showing a restoration of the smaller tower ( plate III). This sketch illustrates the probable appearance of the dwellings and tower, and the supposed means of communication between them. The manner of walliug up the fronts of the cave- dwellings, as here given, was observed frequently on the Rio Mancos, where, in corresponding cliffs of shaly sandstones, there are many well- preserved specimens. A large group situated on this stream, about teu miles above its mouth, was subsequently examined. The walls were in many places quite well preserved atad new- looking, while all about, high and low, were others in all stages of decay. In one place in particular, a picturesque outstanding promontory has been full of dwellings, literally honeycombed by this earth- burrowing race, and as one from below views the ragged, window- pierced crags, he is unconsciously led to wonder if they are not the ruins of some ancient castle, behind whose moldering walls are hidden the dread secrets of a long- forgotten people; but a nearer approach quickly dispels such fancies, for the windows prove to be only the doorways to shallow and irregular apartments, hardly sufficiently commodious for a race of pigmies. Neither the outer openings nor the apertures that communicate between the caves are large enongh to allow a person of large stature to pass, and one is led to suspect that these nests were not the dwellings proper of these people, but occasional resorts for women and children, and that the somewhat extensive ruins in the valley below were their ordinary dwelling- places. On the brink of the promontory above stands the ruin of a tower, still twelve feet Ugh, and similar in most respects to those already described. These |