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Show !~6 EMIGRANT'S GUIDE. calculated to receive 1 100. Amongst the many object~ that must arrest the attention and claim the admiration of the traveller, there is uone that can deserve his attention more than this institution. Virtue, science, and the principles of social life, are now taught, where, les$ than thirty years past, stood a forest; or if the human torm or habitation made their appearance, it was the species in its rudest state of savage life. Here are also three brick market-houses, in which are exposetl every necessary, and many luxuries of life. An enormous stone building is erected on the bank of Ohio as a steam manufactory ; it i3 nine stories high , and in er Jed for mal ing flour and oil, and also to be us ,d as a fulling mill. A steam saw mil I is also erectctl. A larg~ lmilding has betn r. ised by tbe Cincinnati manufacturing company, for the execution of t~.e ir o eration s. There are one woollen and four cotton factories, two g aSS· houses, a sugar re fine ry, and two or three breweries. Two printing-offices pub]i:;;h each a weekly paper. There are th ree banl{ing establishments in Ci ncinnati ; two professedly such, and one commerci al associ::~tion, which i sue promissory notes, and discount as a banking comp~my. 'rhe prosperity of Cincinnati is a proof of the insuperable advantage of e3rJy e:3tablishment and of previous wealth and enterprise. Louisville is c rtainly more favour ably situated to become the entrepot between the Mississippi and Ohio, yet though at the head of constant batte:mx na ·igation, and of ante.cedeut establishment, the latter to\vn has languisl1 d when compared with th@ former. Th~ gro~nd upon '~bicb Cincinnati is built gives it many advantages m pomt of clcanlwess, beauty, nnd convenience. Two bottoms, one upor~ the margin of Ohio river, the other rising like the step of an ampb1theatre 30 or 40 feet. Tb ·s circumstance enables the in· habitants to drain their streets into the Ohio, and opens a vent for the air in all directions. ' In brief, ~incinnati, shares with Pittsburg the commerce of the vall~y of Oh1 o ; the former is to the l\'Iissi. sippi what the latter is to Balt1more, New-York, and Philadelphia. If any calculation could be hazarde? upon tbe advance of either, it might perhaps be justifia· ble to pred1ct that for a great Jength of time these two towns will bear very ne?rly the same relation to each other that they do at this time. H~mllton, the seat of justice for Butler county, and a post town, 26 miles north from Cincinnati :md 1 OS southwest from Columbus, cor~tains between sixty and one hundred dwelling-houses, a printing office, and several merchants) stores. This town is situated upon the east bank of great Miami. Dayton, the seat of justice for MontO'omery county is situated upon t~e left. b_ank of Great .Miami, immediately below th'e mouth <l ~ad nver; 1t IS also a post town, containing about one hundred dwellinghouses; a n~mber ~f wealthy merchants are settletl in this place, ~ho transact busmess With the rich country in the vicinity. The neigh· bo?rbood of Dayton presents a great number of mills, and other rna· chmes propelled by water. There are in the town one bank, an a,cademy, and several houses of religious worship. It is distan~ from Columbus west by soutll 66 miles, and 52 nm·th from Cincinnati. EMIGRANT'S GUIDE. !!27 . WiUiamsbu1·g, in Clermon t county, has a post office, is the seat of ju ·tice for the county, and is a flourishing villacre upon the ea t branch nf Little Miami. 0 Chiltl:cothe, in Ro ~ county, is the seccmd town in population and wealth w the state ; 1t stands upon the ri;r t bank of the Sciota c:~t 39° _20' ~orth lat. 5° 5 3' we t Jon. from W ashiugton city. It was J<.:iu out m l 79G, and now contains nea r 5,10 d\ cll i1Jg-houses, and 3 500 inhabitants. 'I he !:i!tn~ t ion f tlt i.s town is sitl':<u lar a J romantic'· it 5tands upon a Lend of Sciota river, wi lh a hi lt or near three hund~ed fee~ elevati~n on tlte we~t side of the town, affording from its summit a delightful v1ew of the nver and adjacent country. 'I'he irnprovcmeuls m~de in this tmvn and vicinity are numerous anti ~ a luab le : Of public builtlings, tlte most notetl are three places of publ1c worsh1 p, an academy, court~h ou s e , and market-house. Here are four cotton facto ri c~ , and a great num be of mi Is d machines of different kin<..ls; t l'(~ e printing ol11ces, whi h pu bli./1 a weekly paper each. T'he ccnt r<:l l position of Chillicothe g· ·es it 1 any 3dvnn ! ages . for the transacti _n o~ the inte rior cotrH H. rce of tl e country in tts ne1ghbourhood. It JS sduated 45 miles .:outh of C 1 rr bus, an<.l 93 nearly north by east ofCi cinnati. Columbus, the capital of the state of Ohio, is a flour ' sh in~ ne ~., town laid out in 1812, upon 1t~c left hank of the· Sci ta ri ver, ~t 3.J0 ·47' north lat. G0 01' west Ion. from Wasl.ingto city. I t. stands n c 3t the centre of Franhlin county, and within t.,,, nty miles of the cen tre of the state, in a fine fertile country; of course, the iuhab·tants 11 y safely conclude that the town will continue to be the seat f govc:L' ment. To persons from Europe, many of the facts rebted of the improvements in the valley of Ohio must appear almost inc redible, and nPlle certainly ~an app_roach the marvellous and yet be strictly tru e= urc than the history of the town of Columbus. The lots were first exposed for sale in June, 1812, and t ( t<. now contains upwards of three hundred dwelling-houses, anu at · two thousand inhabitants ; four or five schools, a bank, two or th1 printing offices, ten or twelve mercantile stores ; a state -lwuse, ,5 by 50 feet, and a penitentiary. Coiumhus is 115 miles northeast from Cincinnati. Zanesville, the seat of justice for M uskingum county, and a po t town, stands upon the left bank of Musk ingum river, opp<J.'Jle to the mouth of Licking creek, at 39° 58' north lat. and 5° 02' west Jon. It bas upwards of 20 store~t, 350 dwellin0'-houses, and 1500 inhabit· ants. Two glass factories have been erected in its vicinity. The town possesses two banks, two or three printing offices, anu several places of worsbi o. 1,he falls in the :,jf.uskingum near this town provide a natural facility for the erection of labour-savinsr machinery which the inhabitants 5 d. . u ' eerr~ t.posed to rrnprove to the utmost. Already have been erected a natl cutt!ng machine, many flour mills, a woo!Ien f.:tctory, and ~pvek~ l saw-nnlJs. Two bridges of stone have been built over the Musmgu~ l near this towu, connecting it with Putr aht, a village on the oppo~qte oank. Putnam is itself a place of COIISiderable consequence •ontaining an academy, a number of stores, abot:t r.oo inhabitant: |